Araştırma Çıktıları | WoS | Scopus | TR-Dizin | PubMed
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14719/1741
Browse
15 results
Search Results
Publication Metadata only Potential Energy Solutions for Better Sustainability(Elsevier Inc., 2018) Dincer, I.; Acar, Canan; Dincer, I., Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Acar, Canan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyIn this study, critical challenges related to increasing global energy demand and drawbacks of traditional fuels are discussed along with some potential solutions including the cutting-edge research taking place at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology's Clean Energy Research Laboratory. Renewable energies, hydrogen, thermodynamic and hybrid cycles, photonic hydrogen production, ammonia, system integration, and multigeneration are covered, and their importance in addressing global energy challenges in sustainable, clean, affordable, and reliable manners is given by examples. In addition to providing examples from the recent literature, renewable energies are comparatively assessed based on their performance criteria and environmental effect. Hydrogen and ammonia production performances of coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear, biomass, geothermal, hydropower, ocean, solar, and wind are comparatively assessed based on their energy and exergy efficiencies, production costs, and emissions. Our results show that when emissions, efficiencies, and production costs are taken into account, natural gas has the highest performance in terms of hydrogen while hydropower has the highest performance in terms of ammonia production. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Hydrogen Energy(Elsevier, 2018) Acar, Canan; Dincer, I.; Acar, Canan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Dincer, I., Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, CanadaAs we face global energy challenges, it becomes essential to focus on novel and innovative technologies that increase the diversity of energy resources. This requires significant innovation in energy production, conversion, delivery, storage, and end use. Hydrogen energy represents a great potential solution to meet global energy demand. Hydrogen energy could possibly represent a world where our energy-related emissions and other environmental damage issues are eliminated or minimized and where our demand for affordable, efficient, reliable, and clean energy is met. To fully understand the hydrogen energy, it is necessary to comprehend all aspects of hydrogen from its characteristic properties to difference from existing fuels. Therefore, this chapter provides information on characteristics of hydrogen, and its comparison to other fuels and energy sources. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Future Energy Directions(Elsevier, 2018) Acar, Canan; Dincer, I.; Acar, Canan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Dincer, I., Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, CanadaIn this chapter, future energy directions are studied in the light of smart energy systems. These smart systems are investigated and comparatively assessed to address major global energy-related issues in a sustainable manner. In order to be considered as smart and sustainable, the future energy systems should use technologies and resources that are adequate, affordable, clean, and reliable. Therefore, selected future energy systems are evaluated based on their efficiencies, environmental performance, and energy and material sources. Our results show that increasing the number of products from the same energy source decreases emissions per unit product and increases efficiencies. Also, among the selected sources, geothermal has the most potential in terms of using cleaner technologies with energy conservation, renewability, and the possibility of multiple desired products from the same source. Solar, hydro, and biomass are also beneficial. Even with carbon capture technologies, fossil fuels are not very desirable in future energy systems because of their emissions and non-renewability. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Hydrogen Energy Conversion Systems(Elsevier, 2018) Acar, Canan; Dincer, I.; Acar, Canan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Dincer, I., Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, CanadaHydrogen energy conversion systems are expected to become the choice of the future energy systems. It is possible to produce hydrogen from sustainable and renewable sources. Therefore hydrogen has the potential to sustainably meet the growing global energy requirements. Hydrogen energy conversion options are diverse, and generally more efficient and almost always more environmentally benign compared to traditional energy systems. Therefore this chapter comprehensively discusses traditional and novel hydrogen energy conversion systems from physical conversion to all chemical energy conversion options including combustion and electrochemical conversion. The conversion of hydrogen energy is fairly simple in comparison to the existing options to convert traditional fossil fuels. Another advantage of hydrogen energy conversion systems is the fact that the supply (hydrogen) comes from a variety of energy sources, therefore, nobody is expected to have the power to regulate hydrogen supply and distribution. Hydrogen is an energy carrier, this implies that it could be used to store energy when not needed and then makes the stored energy available when the primary energy source is not available or sufficient. Hence, hydrogen is particularly a good fit for renewable energy systems. And hydrogen energy conversion systems help end users reach clean, abundant, reliable, and sustainable renewable energy resources at all times. For instance, surplus of the renewable energy production could be utilized to produce hydrogen first. And then, hydrogen energy conversion systems could help all end users have access to this surplus energy at all times in a sustainable fashion. With hydrogen energy conversion systems, hydrogen can be converted to many valuable products for end users, such as power, heating, cooling, clean water, pharmaceuticals, plastics, etc., which are discussed thoroughly in this chapter. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Concluding Remarks(Elsevier, 2018) Acar, Canan; Dincer, I.; Acar, Canan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Dincer, I., Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, CanadaIn this volume of Energy Materials, energetic applications of a wide variety of conventional and novel materials are introduced and discussed in detail. Energetic applications of these materials are very diverse, but not even limited to energy extraction, production, conversion, and storage. In the entire volume, 3S (source-system-service) approach is followed. The materials covered in this volume is in a wide range starting from chemical fuels (such as ammonia) to carbon-based materials, boron, thin films, PV materials, porous materials, magnetic materials, semiconductors, electrolytic materials,. refrigerants, catalysts, photoactive materials, solid oxides, batteries, pyroelectric materials, insulation materials, hydrophobic materials, dust repellent materials, CO2 capturing materials, novel building materials, desulfurization materials, and materials recycling. Some of these materials have been used extensively for a long period of time for many energetic applications (such as fossil fuel processing), while some of these materials have quite novel applications (such as nanomaterials). As the global energy challenges get more complicated, it is surely expected that advanced and complex novel materials are to be needed to tackle these issues. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Hydrogen Production(Elsevier, 2018) Acar, Canan; Dincer, I.; Acar, Canan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Dincer, I., Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, CanadaThis chapter describes existing and potential future hydrogen production methods and investigates a variety of alternative hydrogen production methods via the utilization of renewable and nonrenewable energy resources. In addition, these alternative hydrogen production methods are comparatively assessed by taking their emissions, hydrogen production cost, and energy and exergy efficiencies. Furthermore, the relationship between environmentally harmful emissions and their economic impact is evaluated based on a concept called the social cost of carbon (SCC). Electrical, thermal, biochemical, photonic, electrothermal, photoelectric, and photobiochemical are the principal energy resources evaluated in this chapter. The comparative assessment outcomes of this chapter indicate that photonic energy is more environmentally benign compared to other principal energy resources evaluated in this chapter. In this chapter, the selected photonic energy-based hydrogen production methods are photocatalysis, photoelectrochemical (PEC) method, and artificial photosynthesis. Among other selected hydrogen production methods, thermochemical water dissociation and hybrid thermochemical (such as Cu–Cl, S9I, and Mg–Cl) cycles are environmentally benign with less emissions compared to other selected methods too. When it comes to hydrogen production cost and energy and exergy efficiencies, PEC and photovoltaic (PV) electrolysis-based hydrogen production have the lowest performance. For that reason, it is concluded that in order to make these environmentally very benign solar-based hydrogen production options the preferred components of future energy systems, their energy and exergy efficiencies should be enhanced by using novel materials and integrated systems. With the introduction of more advanced systems and materials and the increase in efficiencies, solar-based hydrogen production methods are expected to become more cost competitive, reliable, clean, and sustainable. Due to their highly developed technologies and mostly already available infrastructures, fossil fuel reforming and biomass gasification-based hydrogen production have the highest energy and exergy efficiencies among the selected options. Overall, the results of the comparative assessment are presented by average rankings, which state that hybrid thermochemical cycles are predominantly favorable hydrogen production alternatives with their relatively low emissions and production costs and high efficiencies. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Photoactive Materials(Elsevier, 2018) Acar, Canan; Dincer, I.; Acar, Canan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Dincer, I., Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, CanadaThis chapter introduces and examines photoactive materials and their role in clean energy systems to address local and global environmental issues during the transition to a sustainable future. Some advantages and disadvantages of various photoactive materials and processing technologies, with a special prominence on photocatalytic hydrogen generation, are considered in this chapter. Societal, ecological, and financial characteristics of photoactive materials are kept in mind during the comparative assessment of various photoactive materials and processing technologies and hydrogen production options. This chapter provides key background information on photoactive materials including photocatalysts, photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells, photoelectrodes, and photoelectrode processing is presented. After that, solar driven hydrogen generation methods are explained more in depth in conjunction with comparative performance assessments. Later, photocatalytic hydrogen generation methods are presented, and the photocatalysis mechanism and principles are introduced. Some of the main photocatalyst groups, specifically titanium oxides, cadmium sulfides, zinc oxides and sulfides, and other metal oxides are investigated in details. Subsequently, photocatalyst recycling issues are explained and comparative performance assessment criteria are introduced as hydrogen production rates (both per mass and surface area of photocatalysts), band gaps, and quantum yields. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Future Directions in Energy Materials(Elsevier, 2018) Dincer, I.; Acar, Canan; Dincer, I., Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada; Acar, Canan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyThe developments and applications of new materials have resulted in significant effects on our consumption, conversion, and production of energy, our daily lives, our health, our use of technology, and our security. In short, materials play an increasingly important role in our everyday lives. It is clear that a manufacturing and innovation strategy which highlights advanced materials development is more likely to play a substantial role in future energy systems. This chapter is an essential part of the process to identify new opportunity for industry, government, and academia. It stands as a signpost to the future. In this chapter, future directions in energy materials are discussed in detail to understand the role of energy materials in future energy systems and sustainability. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Hydrogen Energy(Elsevier Inc., 2018) Acar, Canan; Dincer, I.; Acar, Canan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Dincer, I., Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, CanadaAs we face global energy challenges, it becomes essential to focus on novel and innovative technologies that increase the diversity of energy resources. This requires significant innovation in energy production, conversion, delivery, storage, and end use. Hydrogen energy represents a great potential solution to meet global energy demand. Hydrogen energy could possibly represent a world where our energy-related emissions and other environmental damage issues are eliminated or minimized and where our demand for affordable, efficient, reliable, and clean energy is met. To fully understand the hydrogen energy it is necessary to comprehend all aspects of hydrogen from its characteristic properties to difference from existing fuels. Therefore, this chapter provides information on characteristics of hydrogen, and its comparison to other fuels and energy sources. © 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Concluding Remarks(Elsevier Inc., 2018) Acar, Canan; Dincer, I.; Acar, Canan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Dincer, I., Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, CanadaIn this volume of Energy Materials, energetic applications of a wide variety of conventional and novel materials are introduced and discussed in detail. Energetic applications of these materials are very diverse, but not even limited to energy extraction, production, conversion, and storage. In the entire volume, 3S (source-system-service) approach is followed. The materials covered in this volume is in a wide range starting from chemical fuels (such as ammonia) to carbon-based materials, boron, thin films, PV materials, porous materials, magnetic materials, semiconductors, electrolytic materials,. refrigerants, catalysts, photoactive materials, solid oxides, batteries, pyroelectric materials, insulation materials, hydrophobic materials, dust repellent materials, CO2 capturing materials, novel building materials, desulfurization materials, and materials recycling. Some of these materials have been used extensively for a long period of time for many energetic applications (such as fossil fuel processing), while some of these materials have quite novel applications (such as nanomaterials). As the global energy challenges get more complicated, it is surely expected that advanced and complex novel materials are to be needed to tackle these issues. © 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.