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Publication Metadata only Deciding which technology is the best for distance education: Issues in media/technology comparisons studies(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2011) Yengin, Ilker; Karahoca, Adem; Karahoca, Dilek; Uzunboylu, Huseyin; Karahoca, A; Kanbul, S; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; Bahcesehir University; Near East UniversityDistance education decision makers, who will be shaping the future of distance education, should understand the role of different technologies and their unique attributes closely. In order to achieve this task accurately, they also need to know the superiorities of different technologies to each other. Media comparison studies have been conducted to see these superiorities and to help deciding which technology is better? In some studies researchers make some fundamental errors and flaws in media comparison studies for distance learning. Hence, there is a need to determine these issues in order to make decision process work better. In this review study, issues on media comparison studies in distance education discussed with theoretical backgrounds. Also in this study, reader could find what kind of flaws can occur in media comparisons studies and what cause to these flaws as well as some suggestions to avoid these flaws. In this study, five of the most significant errors scholars have made in writing and discussing distance education research in technology/media comparisons studies are determined. This study aims to help distance education policy makers, distance education researchers and instructors by making them aware of these issues in comparison studies. Hence, they could make a more accurate decision when implementing distance learning solutions in their institutions. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Guest Editor.Publication Metadata only On the Structural Code Clone Detection Problem: A Survey and Software Metric Based Approach(SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, 2014) Kapdan, Mustafa; Aktas, Mehmet; Yigit, Melike; Murgante, B; Misra, S; Rocha, AMAC; Torre, C; Rocha, JG; Falcao, MI; Taniar, D; Apduhan, BO; Gervasi, O; Turkish Airlines; Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK); Yildiz Technical University; Bahcesehir UniversityUnnecessary repeated codes (clones) have not been well documented and are difficult to maintain. Code clones may become an important problem in software development cycle and they must be fixed in all occurrences. This condition increases significantly software maintenance costs and required effort/duration for understanding the code. Over the years, many techniques have been proposed in order to minimize or prevent the code cloning problems. The main focus of these techniques is on the detection of clones. In such studies, code cloning is studied under two main categories: simple and structural. Simple clone is defined as the similarity that arises from the repetition of the code snippet in the software. Structural clone is defined as the similarity in software structure (i.e. design patterns and object oriented programming class relations). Simple clone detection techniques fail to determine the reasons of code repetition whether it is due to design or not, as they do not look at the code from a wider perspective for repetitive code snippets. In this study, we survey the existing structural clones approaches. We also introduce an approach that utilizes software quality metrics for detecting the structural code clones.Publication Metadata only Is SMS Still Alive For Education: Analysis Of Educational Potentials Of SMS technology?(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2011) Yengin, Ilker; Karahoca, Adem; Karahoca, Dilek; Uzunboylu, Huseyin; Karahoca, A; Kanbul, S; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; Bahcesehir University; Near East UniversityMobile phone, especially SMS concept is a fairly old technology. In spite of the fact that there are some applications of using SMS capabilities of mobile phones in education, the usage is not widely in all educational areas. Still, there is a need to understand how SMS technology could be applicable for education in different ways. Hence, in this study, authors' investigate possible educational use of SMS by providing a detailed analysis of the technology and examples of different research studies of successful implementations in education. This study may be a guide for school administrators and policy makers to understand educational technology potential of SMS by providing benefits and drawbacks of the technology. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Guest Editor.Publication Metadata only An Elliptic Curve Cryptographic Processor Using Edwards Curves and the Number Theoretic Transform(SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, 2015) Mentens, Nele; Batina, Lejla; Baktir, Selcuk; Ors, B; Preneel, B; KU Leuven; Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre; Radboud University Nijmegen; Bahcesehir UniversityHardware implementations of ECC processors based on Edwards curves are very useful for various applications of security due to the regularity of point operations. In this paper we explore one such direction taking advantage of the DFT modular multiplication in a special composite field of a prime characteristic. Our results show potential in terms of compactness while maintaining a feasible latency. We expect this approach to be more beneficial for side-channel security.Publication Metadata only Analyzing Playability in Multi-platform Games: A Case Study of the Fruit Ninja Game(SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, 2016) Aker, Cakir; Rizvanoglu, Kerem; Inal, Yavuz; Yilmaz, Alan Sarp; Marcus, A; Bahcesehir University; Galatasaray University; Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK)Video games offer new perspectives for discussions and studies on user experience, which results in a change of the relevant terms in the context of gaming, replacing 'usability' with 'playability' and 'user experience' (UX) with 'player experience' (PX). PX can be inspected in various gaming platforms, which present diverse interaction methods through different peripherals, consequently uncovering the complex nature of video games. Therefore, it is critical to understand the nature of PX through user research. However, limited number of studies investigated PX and playability in detail in order to create an analysis framework for entertainment systems by referring to former UX and usability methodologies. Majority of those studies presented a set of playability heuristics on theoretical basis, which still required to be tested through empirical research in various gaming platforms. In this context, this study focuses on the qualitative analysis of multi-platform PX through a proposed playability heuristics framework derived from relevant literature. This study aims to test the proposed framework in a multi-platform game setting and thus seek ways to contribute to the establishment of a new comprehensive analysis framework to understand multi-platform PX. For this purpose, a qualitative multi-method study based on game platform diversity is designed to measure player experience with 8 users in two different gaming platforms which is based on mobile and full body gesture based interaction. Besides revealing the effect of On-Screen elements on PX such as game interface, mechanics and gameplay, the study also presents promising findings for the effect of Off-Screen aspects such as the environmental and social factors.Publication Metadata only Investigating the Impact of a Real-time, Multimodal Student Engagement Analytics Technology in Authentic Classrooms(ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY, 2019) Aslan, Sinem; Alyuz, Nese; Tanriover, Cagri; Mete, Sinem E.; Okur, Eda; D'Mello, Sidney K.; Esme, Asli Arslan; Intel Corporation; Intel USA; Bahcesehir University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado BoulderWe developed a real-time, multimodal Student Engagement Analytics Technology so that teachers can provide just-in-time personalized support to students who risk disengagement. To investigate the impact of the technology, we ran an exploratory semester-long study with a teacher in two classrooms. We used a multi-method approach consisting of a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the impact of the technology and a case study design to understand the environmental and social factors surrounding the classroom setting. The results show that the technology had a significant impact on the teacher's classroom practices (i.e., increased scaffolding to the students) and student engagement (i.e., less boredom). These results suggest that the technology has the potential to support teachers' role of being a coach in technology-mediated learning environments.Publication Metadata only From Asia to Europe: Short-Term Traffic Flow Prediction Between Continents(IEEE, 2014) Kaya, Sevgi; Kilic, Necati; Kocak, Taskin; Gungor, Cagri; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Bahcesehir UniversityModelling the traffic flow and predicting the near-future traffic status are two challenging problems of the smart transportation on roads. The difficulty is particularly pronounced in forecasting the complex non-linear dynamics of flow. Most of the state-of-the-art work on traffic flow prediction determine the parameters based on the fundamental relationship between flow, density and speed without considering its influence to the consecutive one. However, these approaches tend to fail in real life scenarios due to the negligence of the spatio-temporal dependence of parameters within road segments. In this paper, we propose a new traffic flow model to predict the arterial travel time using probe data. We then evaluate our model under various traffic conditions to determine its feasibility for near-future traffic flow prediction. The proposed method presents promising results by outperforming the state-of-the-art in predicting near-future traffic flow on roads in case of sparse data and high flow density.Publication Metadata only Face Recognition under Ageing Effect: A Comparative Analysis(SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, 2013) Akhtar, Zahid; Rattani, Ajita; Hadid, Abdenour; Tistarelli, Massimo; Petrosino, A; Bahcesehir University; Michigan State University; University of Oulu; University of SassariPrevious studies indicate that performance of the face recognition system severely degrades under the ageing effect. Despite the rising attention to facial ageing, there exist no comparative evaluation of the existing systems under the impact of ageing. Moreover, the compound effect of ageing and other variate such as glasses, gender etc, that are known to influence the performance, remain overlooked till date. To this aim, the contribution of this work are as follows: 1) evaluation of six baseline facial representations, based on local features, under the ageing effect, and 2) analysis of the compound effect of ageing with other variates, i.e., race, gender, glasses, facial hair etc.Publication Metadata only Detection of e-Commerce Anomalies using LSTM-recurrent Neural Networks(SCITEPRESS, 2019) Bozbura, Merih; Tunc, Hunkar C.; Kusak, Miray Endican; Sakar, C. Okan; Hammoudi, S; Quix, C; Bernardino, J; University of Konstanz; Bahcesehir UniversityAs the e-commerce sales grow in global retail sector year by year, detecting anomalies that occur in the most important key performance indicators (KPI) in real-time has become a critical requirement for e-commerce companies. Such anomalies that may arise from software updates, server failures, or incorrect price entries cause substantial revenue loss in the meantime until they are detected with their root-causes. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of various anomaly detection methods in detecting e-commerce anomalies. For this purpose, we first present the univariate analysis of six commonly used anomaly detection methods on two important KPIs of an e-commerce website. The highest F1 Scores and recall values on the test sets of both KPIs are obtained using Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) network, showing that LSTM fits better to the dynamics of e-commerce KPIs than time-series based prediction methods. Then, in addition to the univariate analysis of the methods, we feed the campaign information into LSTM network considering that campaigns have significant effects on the values of KPIs in e-commerce domain and this information can be helpful to prevent false positives that may occur in the campaign periods. The results also show that constructing a multivariate LSTM by feeding the campaign information as an additional input improves the adaptability of the model to sudden changes occurring in campaign periods.Publication Metadata only Online Naive Bayes Classification for Network Intrusion Detection(IEEE, 2014) Gumus, Fatma; Sakar, C. Okan; Erdem, Zeki; Kursun, Olcay; Wu, X; Ester, M; Xu, G; Istanbul University; Bahcesehir University; Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK)Intrusion detection system (IDS) is an important component to ensure network security. In this paper we build an online Naive Bayes classifier to discriminate normal and bad (intrusion) connections on KDD 99 dataset for network intrusion detection. The classifier starts with a small number of training examples of normal and bad classes, then, as it classifies the rest of the samples one at a time, it continuously updates the mean and the standard deviations of the features (IDS variables). We present experimental results of parameter updating methods and their parameters for the online Naive Bayes classifier. The obtained results show that our proposed method performs comparably to the simple incremental update.