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Publication Unknown Posterior Rigid Instrumentation of C7: Surgical Considerations and Biomechanics at the Cervicothoracic Junction. A Review of the Literature(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2018) Bayoumi, Ahmed B.; Efe, Ibrahim E.; Berk, Selim; Kasper, Ekkehard M.; Toktas, Zafer Orkun; Konya, Deniz; Bahcesehir University; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Medical SchoolBACKGROUND: The cervicothoracic junction is a challenging anatomic transition in spine surgery. It is commonly affected by different types of diseases that may significantly impair stability in this region. The seventh cervical vertebra (C7) is an atypical cervical vertebra with unique anatomic features compared to subaxial cervical spine (C3 to C6). C7 has relatively broader laminae, larger pedicles, smaller lateral masses, and a long nonbifid spinous process. These features allow a variety of surgical methods for performing posterior rigid instrumentation in the form of different types of screws, such as lateral mass screws, pedicle screws, transfacet screws, and intralaminar screws. Many biomechanical studies on cadavers have evaluated and compared different types of implants at C7. METHODS: We reviewed PubMed/ Medlineby using specific combinations of keywords to summarize previously published articles that examined C7 posterior rigid instrumentation thoroughly in an experimental fashion on patients or cadavers with additional descriptive radiologic parameters for evaluation of the optimum surgical technique for each type. RESULTS: A total of 44 articles were reported, including 22 articles that discussed anatomic considerations (entry points, sagittal and axial trajectories, and features of screws) and another 22 articles that discussed the relevant biomechanical testing at this transitional region if C7 was directly involved in terms of receiving posterior rigid implants. CONCLUSIONS: C7 can accommodate different types of screws, which can provide additional benefits and risks based on availability of bony purchase, awareness of surgical technique, biomechanics, and anatomic considerations.Publication Unknown Modafinil augmentation therapy in unipolar and bipolar depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(Physicians Postgraduate Press Inc., 2013) Goss, Alexander J.; Kaser, Muzaffer; Costafreda, Sergi G.; Sahakian, Barbara Jacquelyn; Fu, Cynthia H.Y.; Goss, Alexander J., School of Medicine, Leeds, United Kingdom; Kaser, Muzaffer, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Psychiatry and MRC, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Costafreda, Sergi G., Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Sahakian, Barbara Jacquelyn, Department of Psychiatry and MRC, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Fu, Cynthia H.Y., School of Psychology, University of East London, London, United KingdomObjective: Current pharmacologic treatments for a depressive episode in unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar depression are limited by low rates of remission. Residual symptoms include a persistent low mood and neurovegetative symptoms such as fatigue. The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy and tolerability of augmentation of first-line therapies with the novel stimulantlike agent modafinil in MDD and bipolar depression. Data Sources: MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, 1980-April 2013 were searched using the following terms: (modafinil or armodafinil) and (depressi* or depressed or major depressive disorder or major depression or unipolar or bipolar or dysthymi*). Inclusion criteria were as follows: randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, sample comprising adult patients (18-65 years) with unipolar or bipolar depression, diagnosis according to DSM-IV, ICD-10, or other well-recognized criteria, modafinil or armodafinil given as augmentation therapy in at least 1 arm of the trial, and publication in English in a peer-reviewed journal. Study Selection: Double-blind, randomized, placebocontrolled clinical trials of adjunctive treatment with modafinil or armodafinil of standard treatment for depressive episodes in MDD and bipolar depression were selected. Data Extraction: Two independent appraisers assessed the eligibility of the trials. A random-effects meta-analysis with DerSimonian-Laird method was used. Moderator effects were evaluated by meta-regression. Results: Data from 6 RCTs, with a total of 910 patients with MDD or bipolar depression, consisting of 4 MDD RCTs (n = 568) and 2 bipolar depression RCTs (n = 342) were analyzed. The meta-analysis revealed significant effects of modafinil on improvements in overall depression scores (point estimate = ?0.35, 95% CI, ?0.61 to ?0.10) and remission rates (odds ratio = 1.61, 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.49). The treatment effects were evident in both MDD and bipolar depression, with no difference between disorders. Modafinil showed a significant positive effect on fatigue symptoms (95% CI, ?0.42 to ?0.05). The adverse events were no different from placebo. Conclusions: Modafinil is an effective augmentation strategy for acute depressive episodes, including for symptoms of fatigue, in both unipolar and bipolar disorders. © Copyright 2013 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc. © 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Unknown The history of urinary stones: In parallel with civilization(Hindawi Publishing Corporation 410 Park Avenue, 15th Floor, 287 pmb New York NY 10022, 2013) Tefekli, Ahmet Hamdi; Cezayirli, Fatin; Tefekli, Ahmet Hamdi, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Cezayirli, Fatin, VKV Amerikan Hastanesi, Istanbul, TurkeyThe roots of modern science and history of urinary stone disease go back to the Ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamia. Hippocrates defined the symptoms of bladder stones. The first recorded details of perineal lithotomy were those of Cornelius Celsus. Ancient Arabic medicine was based mainly on classical Greco-Roman works. Interestingly, the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215 forbade physicians from performing surgical procedures, as contact with blood or body fluids was viewed as contaminating to men. With Renaissance new procedures could be tried on criminals. The first recorded suprapubic lithotomy was carried out by Pierre Franco in 1561. In 1874, Bigelow developed a lithotrite, which was introduced into the bladder under anaesthesia (called as litholopaxy). Young was the first to report ureteroscopy (1929). With advances in intracorporeal lithotripsy techniques, ureteroscopy became the treatment of choice for ureteric stones. In 1976, Fernstrom and Johannson established percutaneous access to remove a renal stone. However, with the introduction of the first extracorporeal shock wave machine in 1980, a dramatic change in stone management was observed. Civilization in parallel with scientific developments has brought us to a point where we try not to cut our patients for stone disease, as Hippocrates admonishes, but rather manage them with minimal invasive alternatives. © 2013 Ahmet Tefekli and Fatin Cezayirli. © 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Unknown AT1 antagonists: A patent review (2008 - 2012)(2013) Mavromoustakos, Thomas M.; Agelis, George; Durdagi, Serdar; Mavromoustakos, Thomas M., Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Agelis, George, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio, Greece, Eldrug S.A., Patra, Greece; Durdagi, Serdar, Department of Biophysics, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyIntroduction: For two decades a class of pharmaceutical molecules with proved beneficial therapeutic properties, especially in hypertension, has been introduced in the market aiming to specifically prevent the detrimental effects of the peptide hormone Angiotensin II at the AT1 receptor. The prototype of this class was losartan and based on its structure, several drugs were launched and also called 'Sartans'. New structural features on these molecules can provide multi-target properties in the RAS or other systems. New methodologies were developed for the treatment of hypertension utilizing either AT1 antagonists alone or as cocktails. Areas covered: In this review article, authors aim to cover information provided by patents of the years 2008-2012. The rationale of writing this review article is to cover the most important patents which can forward the field with new important discoveries. Expert opinion: From the patent investigation it is clear that new areas on the subject are still offered for new discoveries. New structural features can be still considered in the synthetic compounds that can advance the knowledge and beneficial effects on diseases related to Angiotensin II and AT1 receptor. There is era also for new formulations (i.e., cyclodextrins, polymers and liposomes). The multitarget approach can be further strengthened and more combinations can be sought in the rational drug design for seeking cocktails. Furthermore, the revealing of the complexity of the RAS offers new avenues for novel targets and this must not be overlooked. © 2013 Informa UK, Ltd. © 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Unknown Gamma knife radiosurgery inhibits angiogenesis of meningiomas: In vivo rat corneal assay(2013) Kiliç, Kaya; Avşar, Timuçin; Akgun, Emel; Ozkan, Abdulkadir; Toktaş, Zafer Orkun; Şeker, Aśkin N.; Kilic, Turker D.; Kiliç, Kaya, Department of Neurosurgery, T. C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, Taksim Eğitim ve Araştirma Hastanesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Avşar, Timuçin, Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center (ITU-MOBGAM), İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Akgun, Emel, Laboratory of Molecular Neurosurgery, Marmara Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Ozkan, Abdulkadir, Laboratory of Molecular Neurosurgery, Marmara Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Toktaş, Zafer Orkun, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Şeker, Aśkin N., Laboratory of Molecular Neurosurgery, Marmara Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Neurosurgery, Marmara Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Kilic, Turker D., Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyObjective The aim of this study is to reveal inhibitory effect of gamma knife irradiation on angiogenesis of meningiomas using rat corneal angiogenesis assay. Methods A total of 72 rats were divided into three preliminary groups. Each group, consisting of 24 rats, was implanted to World Health Organization (WHO) grade I (typical), grade II (atypical), and grade III (malignant) meningioma. Each of these three preliminary groups of 24 rats, were then divided into four subgroups, each consisting of 6 rats and subsequently irradiated by gamma knife with dose prescriptions of 0, 14, 18, and 22 Gy. The numbers of vessels that developed around the micropockets of the corneas were counted and photographed on days 5, 10, 15, and 20. Results For WHO grade I meningiomas, 18 and 22 Gy doses (P < 0.001), and for grade II meningiomas, the 22-Gy (P = 0.021) dose were found to inhibit tumor-induced angiogenesis compared with the radiation-free control group. For grade III meningiomas, there was no statistical difference with the control group in any of the doses applied. Our findings demonstrate that gamma knife irradiation may suppress the angiogenic activity of WHO grades I and II meningiomas but not of the grade III meningiomas. Conclusions For the first time, this study provides an experimental data to show the antiangiogenic effect of gamma knife irradiation on meningiomas. © 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved., MEDLINE® is the source for the MeSH terms of this document.Publication Unknown Hematopoetic stem cell transplantation in children, Çocuklarda hematopoetik kök hücre nakli(Kare Publishing, 2014) Yeşilipek, Mehmet Akif; Yeşilipek, Mehmet Akif, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyBone marrow transplantation is called hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), since peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood can also be used as sources of stem cell currently. In children, bone marrow transplantation is used as a definite treatment method in many diseases including hemoglobinopaties, immune deficiencies, bone marrow failure and congenital metabolic diseases in addition to hematological malignancies. In addition to the underlying disease, the most important factors which have an impact on prognosis include infections which develop during the process of transplantation and graft-versus-host disease. In this article, it was aimed to give brief information on stem cell sources, preparation therapies, HSCT indications and post-transplantation complications in children. © 2014 by Turkish Pediatric Association. © 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Unknown Cervical premalignant lesions and their management(AVES Ibrahim Kara info@avesyayincilik.com 105/9 Buyukdere Cad Mecidiyekoy,Sisli, Istanbul 34394, 2014) Köse, Mehmet Faruk; Naki, Mehmet Murat; Köse, Mehmet Faruk, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Naki, Mehmet Murat, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyCervical cancer is the tenth most common cancer in women in developed countries that have national screening programs, while it is in the second line in underdeveloped countries. According to Ministry of Health registry data, cervical cancer is the eighth most common cancer among female cancers in Turkey. Today, the most effective screening for cervical cancer is to obtain smears from the cervix. Therefore, periodic screening programs are of great importance in identifying preinvasive lesions to prevent their progression to invasive cancer. Today, with the use of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine, screening programs have brought new insights into the prevention of cervical cancer. Management of preinvasive lesions has to be known by each obstetrics and gynecology specialist. Redundant procedures and treatments can be avoided by directing patients correctly at this step. Cancer phobia should not be created. Ablative or destructive treatments should not be done without histological diagnosis, hysterectomy, which has an equal risk of recurrence, should not be recommended. © 2014 by the Turkish-German Gynecological Education and Research Foundation. © 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Unknown Ultrasound-guided thrombin injection for the treatment of iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysms(Turkiye Klinikleri Turkocagi Caddesi No. 30 Balgat 06520, 2014) Aksoy, Şevki Murat; Sarici, Inanç Şamil; Uçar, Adem; Yanar, Fatih; Agcaoglu, O.; Kurtoǧlu, Mehmet Hamdi; Aksoy, Şevki Murat, Department of General Surgery, İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Sarici, Inanç Şamil, Department of General Surgery, İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Uçar, Adem, Department of Radiology, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Yanar, Fatih, Department of General Surgery, İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Agcaoglu, O., Department of General Surgery, İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Kurtoǧlu, Mehmet Hamdi, Department of General Surgery, İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Istanbul, TurkeyObjective: The aim of this study is to review our experience with percutaneous ultrasonography (USG) guided thrombin injection to treat iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysms and to assess the safety of the procedure. Material and Methods: From January 2007 to January 2011, 41 patients with iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysms, were included in the study. The medical records concerned the demographics, the pseudoaneurysm size and site, thrombin dose that was injected, efficacy and safety of the procedure and postintervenional follow-up for one year. Results: There were 39 (95.1%) patients, who were eligible to be included in the study. Twenty-four (61.5%) patients were male and 15 (38.5%) patients were female. The mean age was 72±11 years (49-88). All of the pseudoaneurysms were originated from the common femoral arteries. The mean maximum transverse diameter of the pseudoaneurysms was 3.7±1.1 cm (2 - 6.5 cm). The mean neck diameter was 5±1.1 mm (3-7.5 mm). After the first thrombin injection, complete thrombosis of the pseudoaneurysm occured in 34 (87.1%) of the patients. A secondary thrombin injection was required in 5 (12.8%) patients. USG-guided thrombin injection failed in 2 (5.3%) patients. There was not any complications during the follow-up. Conclusion: USG-guided thrombin injection is an effective technique for the treatment of post-catheterisation pseudoaneurysms, which is easy to perform, safe, well tolerated and highly successful in good selected patients. Copyright © 2014 by Türkiye Klinikleri. © 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Unknown Biological approaches to treating intervertebral disk degeneration: Devising stem cell therapies(Cognizant Communication Corporation inquiries@cognizantcommunication.com 3 Hartsdale Road Elmsford NY 10523-3701, 2015) Han, Inbo; Ropper, Alexander Eli; Konya, Deniz; Kabataş, Serdar; Toktaş, Zafer Orkun; Aljuboori, Zaid S.; Zeng, Xiang; Chi, John H.; Zafonte, Ross D.; Teng, Yang D.; Han, Inbo, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, Pocheon, South Korea; Ropper, Alexander Eli, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States, Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, United States; Konya, Deniz, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Kabatas, Serdar, Department of Neurosurgery, Reyap Hospital, Tekirdag, Turkey; Toktaş, Zafer Orkun, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Aljuboori, Zaid S., Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, United States; Zeng, Xiang, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States, Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, Pocheon, South Korea; Chi, John H., Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States; Zafonte, Ross D., Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Boston, United States; Teng, Yang D., Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Boston, United States, Division of SCI Research, VA Medical Center, United StatesIntervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration is a common, chronic, and complex degeneration process that frequently leads to back pain and disability, resulting in a major public health issue. In this review we describe biological therapies under preclinical or clinical development with an emphasis on stem cell-based multimodal approaches that target prevention and treatment of IVD degeneration. Systematical review of the basic science and clinical literature was performed to summarize the current status of devising biological approaches to treating IVD degeneration. Since the exact mechanisms underlying IVD degeneration have not yet been fully elucidated and conservative managements appear to be mostly ineffective, current surgical treatment focuses on removal of the pathological disk tissues combined with spinal fusion. The treatment options, however, often produce insufficient efficacy and even serious complications. Therefore, there have been growing demands and endeavors for developing novel regenerative biology-guided strategies for repairing the IVD via delivery of exogenous growth factors, introduction of therapeutic genes, and transplantation of stem cells, or combinatorial therapies. Overall, the data suggest that when applied under a recovery neurobiology principle, multimodal regimens comprising ex vivo engineered stem cell-based disks hold a high potential promise for efficacious clinical translations. © 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity in Turkey(BMJ Publishing Group subscriptions@bmjgroup.com, 2015) Bas, Ahmet Yagmur; Koç, Esin Merve; Dílmen, Uǧur; Oĝuz, Şerife Suna; Ovalı, Hüsnü Fahri; Demirel, Nihal; Zenciroǧlu, Ayşeg̈ul; Tekin, Neslihan; Caner, Ibrahim; Arslanoǧlu, Sertaç; Bas, Ahmet Yagmur, Department of Neonatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Teaching and Research Hospital, Kecioren, Turkey; Koç, Esin Merve, Department of Neonatology, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey; Dílmen, Uǧur, Department of Neonatology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; Oĝuz, Şerife Suna, Department of Neonatology, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; Ovalı, Hüsnü Fahri, Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; Demirel, Nihal, Department of Neonatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Teaching and Research Hospital, Kecioren, Turkey; Zenciroǧlu, Ayşeg̈ul, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; Tekin, Neslihan, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eskisehir, Turkey; Caner, Ibrahim, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey; Arslanoǧlu, Sertaç, Dr. Behcet Uz Children's Hospital, Izmir, TurkeyBackground: The purpose of this study was to estimate the current incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and the need for treatment in preterm infants in Turkey. Methods: The study included preterm infants who had been screened for ROP between 2011 and 2013 in 49 neonatal intensive care units. Infants with birth weight (BW) ≤1500 g or ≤32 weeks' gestational age and those with BW >1500 g or >32 weeks' GA with an unstable clinical course were included. The incidence of any ROP or severe ROP and treatment modalities were determined. Results: The study population included 15 745 preterm infants: 11 803 (75%) with GA ≤32 weeks, and 3942 (25%) with GA >32 weeks. Overall, 30% were found to have any stage of ROP, and 5% had severe ROP. Severe ROP was diagnosed in 8.2% of infants with BW ≤1500 g and 0.6% of infants with BW >1500 g. Of all infants diagnosed with ROP, 16.5% needed laser photocoagulation, and 20 patients born at >32 weeks' GA required this treatment modality. Vitroretinal surgery was performed in 28 infants with severe ROP: 23 with GA ≤28 weeks and 5 with GA 29-32 weeks. Conclusions: The findings of our study have the important implication that more mature babies are at risk of severe ROP requiring treatment. An effective programme for detecting and treating ROP should be established in Turkey. © 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.