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Publication Metadata only The Role of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Heart Failure: A Narrative Review(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Uwishema, Olivier; Karabulut, Ece; Sheikhah, Dalal; Kantawala, Burhan Ilyas; Gallo, Misgana; Soufan, Fatima; Wojtara, Magda Sara; Uwishema, Olivier, Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda; Karabulut, Ece, Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda; Sheikhah, Dalal, Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda; Kantawala, Burhan Ilyas, Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda; Gallo, Misgana, Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda; Soufan, Fatima, Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda; Wojtara, Magda Sara, Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, RwandaIntroduction: Structural and functional cardiac defects leading to inadequate tissue oxygenation is known as Heart failure (HF) which is characterized by extensive morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiology of HF involves systolic and diastolic dysfunction, neurohormonal dysregulation, and imbalance in inflammatory mediators which complicates treatment further. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an approach used for restoring ventricular synchrony and enhancing mechanical efficiency. This study discusses various key points of CRT and its uses in HF and discusses challenges and future implications. Methods: An extensive review of the literature was conducted with evidence from several databases like Medline, PubMed Central, and Embase. Preference was given to articles published after 2010, but relevant articles even pre-2010 were included. Mendeley was used as a reference manager for formatting. Results: Functional improvements and an enhanced quality of life across a diverse range of patients have been demonstrated using CRT. This has significantly impacted the mortality rates of patients with HF. This manuscript conducted a comparative analysis various hallmark clinical trials conducted in lieu of CRT, across many years (2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2017, 2018, 2020). All trials have noted the supremacy of CRT compared to pharmaceutical treatment or other therapeutic methods. Majority of the trial participants had an LVEF of ≤ 35%, a QRS duration of ≤ 150 ms, and were categorized as NYHA class II–IV before initiation of CRT and, posttreatment, LVEF was improved significantly. The main advantages noted were functional improvements, such as enhanced quality of life and reduced mortality. Conclusion: There have been multiple efforts undertaken to address the challenges in CRT, which include a reduction in the rates of nonresponding patients and using alternative adjunctive therapies like defibrillators. These have been shown to improve outcomes among HF patients. Although CRT is noted to be very efficient, some challenges like technological limitations, uncertainty regarding optimal pacing, and nonresponding patients, exist. Ongoing research aims to further develop and revolutionize HF care and improve patient outcomes across the world by refining patient selections and CRT efficacy. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Environmental Factors and Cardiovascular Susceptibility: Toward Personalized Prevention Mediated by the Role of Artificial Intelligence–A Narrative Review(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Soufan, Fatima; Tukur, Hajar Nasir; Tamir, Ruth Girum; Muhirwa, Ernest; Wojtara, Magda Sara; Uwishema, Olivier; Soufan, Fatima, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon; Tukur, Hajar Nasir, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Faculty of Medicine, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Tamir, Ruth Girum, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Addis Ababa Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Muhirwa, Ernest, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, World Vision International, Monrovia, United States; Wojtara, Magda Sara, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, United States; Uwishema, Olivier, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, RwandaBackground and Purpose: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent a significant global health challenge due to high morbidity and mortality rates, that necessitate approaching the intricate relation between cardiovascular susceptibility and environmental factors, highlighting the importance of creating personalized cardiovascular prevention plans. Furthermore, as it is becoming integrated with the various aspects of healthcare, the role of artificial intelligence in cardiovascular and precision medicine is driving innovations towards personalized care. This review dives into the complex connection between cardiovascular susceptibility and environmental risk highlighting the importance of creating personalized cardiovascular preventive strategies in light of the upcoming artificial intelligence. Methods: An in-depth review was conducted using PubMed and ScienceDirect, to collect data from all articles that handled environmental factors and cardiovascular susceptibility with special emphasis on the up-to-date emerging role of artificial intelligence in preventive strategies. Results: The review revealed high heritability estimates and highlighted the significance of modifiable risk factors which are pivotal determinants affecting CVD susceptibility. The integration of artificial intelligence is implementing the power of precision preventive medicine that can be directed toward specific environmental factors, shifting the whole healthcare system to superior outcomes. Conclusion: Recognizing the preventability of CVD through personalized environmental modifications, this review advocates tailored prevention plans that account for individual characteristics. Despite its proven efficacy in managing modifiable risk factors, achieving optimal cardiovascular health remains challenging, necessitating innovative strategies and the integration of artificial intelligence in personalized healthcare. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only The role of NGOs and humanitarian organizations in enhancing surgical capacity in Africa: lessons learned and future directions—a narrative review(Oxford University Press, 2025) Tukur, Hajar Nasir; Uwishema, Olivier; Soufan, Fatima; Tamir, Ruth Girum; Wellington, Jack; Tukur, Hajar Nasir, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Faculty of Medicine, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Uwishema, Olivier, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda; Soufan, Fatima, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon; Tamir, Ruth Girum, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, Addis Ababa Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Wellington, Jack, Department of Research and Education, Oli Health Magazine Organization, Kigali, Rwanda, 5Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United KingdomIntroduction: Significant inequities exist in surgical care accessibility across marginalized African communities. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and humanitarian groups are vital in supporting Africa’s surgical infrastructure. This narrative review explores the current status of surgical care in Africa, highlighting NGO initiatives, past challenges, and future opportunities. Methods: A narrative review was conducted using PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, and other relevant organizational websites. Results: Over 90% of patients in Africa lack access to proper surgical care due to funding shortages, inadequate resources, and a lack of skilled personnel. NGOs have addressed these gaps through successful initiatives, including fundraising and training, although past failures emphasize the need for clearer objectives and sustainable strategies. Discussion: Future efforts should prioritize addressing cultural sensitivities, setting realistic goals, and leveraging telemedicine. NGOs and humanitarian organizations will remain critical to improving surgical care for underserved populations in Africa. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.