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Publication Metadata only A comprehensive review of data analytics and storage methods in geothermal energy operations(ELSEVIER, 2025) Basem, Ali; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah; Khidhir, Dana Mohammad; Singh, Narinderjit Singh Sawaran; Baghoolizadeh, Mohammadreza; Fazilati, Mohammad Ali; Salahshour, Soheil; Sajadi, S. Mohammad; Hasanabad, Ali Mohammadi; University of Warith Alanbiyaa; University of Manara; Knowledge University; INTI International University; Shahrekord University; Islamic Azad University; Okan University; Bahcesehir University; Ministry of Education of Azerbaijan Republic; Khazar UniversityGeothermal energy storage (GES) systems are thoroughly examined in this research, with a focus on methods like borehole thermal energy storage (BTES), underground thermal energy storage (UTES), and aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES). It highlights the importance of thermal energy storage (TES) systems in addressing global energy challenges. The feasibility of UTES for large-scale energy storage and its integration with geothermal power plants is investigated. The ATES, with the advantage of large storage capacity and low operating costs has could be employed in regions with suitable aquifers. The adaptability of BTES to different ground conditions and its small land footprint made it a spotlight for the researchers. The study emphasizes the role of TES technologies in meeting the growing demand for renewable energy, reducing the impact of climate change, and providing efficient energy solutions for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning. HVAC systems. Also, the application of geothermal power plants and TES systems in decreasing the dependence on nonrenewable energy sources and increasing energy efficiency increase investigated. The development of reliable and affordable sensors, together with improvements in processing power, has made data-intensive algorithms and real-time operational decision-making applications in the field of geothermal energy. The study also delves into the potential of machine learning to optimize geothermal design, monitor performance, improve performance, find errors, and more. It was shown that artificial neural networks were the most common kind of trained model, while several other models were often used as benchmarks for performance. Picture selection, systematic time series feature engineering and model evaluation were all areas that showed a lot of promise in the systematic review for future research and practical applications.Publication Metadata only Dynamic instability analysis of piezoelectric nanoplates under combined AC/DC voltages(ELSEVIER, 2025) Ali, Ali B. M.; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah; Singh, Narinderjit Singh Sawaran; Hashim, Abdulghafor Mohammed; Salahshour, Soheil; Sajadi, S. Mohammad; Hasanabad, Ali Mohammadi; University of Warith Alanbiyaa; University of Manara; Al-Bayan University; Okan University; Bahcesehir University; Ministry of Education of Azerbaijan Republic; Khazar UniversityThis work is devoted to the severe and still unsolved problem of a complete study of the instability of piezoelectric nanoplates under the combined impact of direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) voltages, nonlocal piezoelastic dependencies, and interaction with an elastic foundation. These combined investigations are rarely discussed in the literature, although they are crucial to the successful functioning of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), such as sensors, actuators, and energy harvesters. To address this research gap, we build a unified theoretical model, founded on Hamilton's principle, Mindlin plate theory, and Eringen nonlocal elasticity theory. Discretization of the governing equations is performed using the Galerkin method, with Floquet theory employed to rigorously identify parametric resonance effects and determine the stability and unstable regions of the voltage-frequency parameter space. The impact of controlling physical parameters, such as nonlocal scale factors, geometric dimensions, magnitude of DC voltage, and elastic foundation stiffness, is systematically studied to explain their collective contributions to instabilities. Our findings indicate that a nonlocal effect, combined with large lateral dimensions, tends to cause instability, whereas a stiff substrate and negative DC voltage enhance stability. Numerical simulations confirm the theory by showing uninhibited transverse displacement in vicinity of resonance regions. This detailed investigation not only contributes to the basic knowledge of electromechanical coupling and dynamics in piezoelectric nanoplates but also provides practical design guidelines to maximize the robustness and efficiency of NEMS devices in the future.Publication Metadata only Parametric dynamic instability of a nonlocal axially moving nano-beam with harmonic length under thermo-mechanical forces(ELSEVIER, 2025) Ali, Ali B. M.; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah; Singh, Narinderjit Singh Sawaran; Naser, Ghazi Faisal; Salahshour, Soheil; Sajadi, S. Mohammad; Sahramaneshi, Hani; University of Warith Alanbiyaa; University of Manara; INTI International University; Al-Muthanna University; Al-Ayen University; Okan University; Bahcesehir University; Ministry of Education of Azerbaijan Republic; Khazar UniversityThis paper investigates the dynamic instability behavior of an axially moving nano-beam with time-varying length, placed in a thermal environment and resting on a viscoelastic Pasternak-type foundation while subjected to axial loading. The governing equations of motion are formulated using the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, incorporating nonlocal elasticity effects, and derived via Hamilton's principle. Floquet theory is employed to identify regions of parametric instability in the amplitude-frequency domain of the beam's longitudinal oscillations. A comprehensive parametric study is conducted to evaluate the influence of various physical factors, including geometric dimensions, axial velocity, nonlocal effects, thermal variations, axial forces, and viscoelastic foundation properties. The results demonstrate that the dynamic stability of the nano-beam is highly sensitive to these parameters. Notably, increasing the length of the nano-beam and the amplitude of longitudinal oscillations makes the system more prone to instability, whereas greater beam thickness and foundation stiffness enhance system stability. Thermal loads and compressive axial forces tend to destabilize the structure, while tensile loading and viscoelastic damping promote stability. The findings provide fundamental insights into the design of nano-scale moving beam systems under coupled thermal and mechanical fields and offer design guidelines for achieving dynamic robustness in advanced nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS).Publication Metadata only A comprehensive review of data analytics and storage methods in geothermal energy operations(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Basem, Ali A.; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah; Khidhir, Dana Mohammad; Sawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh; Baghoolizadeh, Mohammadreza; Fazilati, Mohammad Ali; Salahshour, Soheil; Sajadi, S. Mohammad; Hasanabad, Ali Mohammadi; Basem, Ali A., Faculty of Engineering, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Amarah, Iraq; Khidhir, Dana Mohammad, Department of Petroleum Engineering, Knowledge University, Erbil, Iraq; Sawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia; Baghoolizadeh, Mohammadreza, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrekord University, Shahr-e Kord, Iran; Fazilati, Mohammad Ali, Efficiency and Smartization of Energy Systems Research Center, Khomeyni Shahr, Iran; Salahshour, Soheil, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Tuzla, Turkey, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Research Center of Applied Mathematics, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan; Sajadi, S. Mohammad, Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran; Hasanabad, Ali Mohammadi, Fast Computing Center, Tehran, IranGeothermal energy storage (GES) systems are thoroughly examined in this research, with a focus on methods like borehole thermal energy storage (BTES), underground thermal energy storage (UTES), and aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES). It highlights the importance of thermal energy storage (TES) systems in addressing global energy challenges. The feasibility of UTES for large-scale energy storage and its integration with geothermal power plants is investigated. The ATES, with the advantage of large storage capacity and low operating costs has could be employed in regions with suitable aquifers. The adaptability of BTES to different ground conditions and its small land footprint made it a spotlight for the researchers. The study emphasizes the role of TES technologies in meeting the growing demand for renewable energy, reducing the impact of climate change, and providing efficient energy solutions for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning. HVAC systems. Also, the application of geothermal power plants and TES systems in decreasing the dependence on nonrenewable energy sources and increasing energy efficiency increase investigated. The development of reliable and affordable sensors, together with improvements in processing power, has made data-intensive algorithms and real-time operational decision-making applications in the field of geothermal energy. The study also delves into the potential of machine learning to optimize geothermal design, monitor performance, improve performance, find errors, and more. It was shown that artificial neural networks were the most common kind of trained model, while several other models were often used as benchmarks for performance. Picture selection, systematic time series feature engineering and model evaluation were all areas that showed a lot of promise in the systematic review for future research and practical applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Parametric dynamic instability of a nonlocal axially moving nano-beam with harmonic length under thermo-mechanical forces(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Ali, Ali B.M.; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah; Sawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh; Naser, Ghazi Faisal; Salahshour, Soheil; Sajadi, S. Mohammad; Sahramaneshi, Hani; Ali, Ali B.M., Air Conditioning Engineering Department, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Amarah, Iraq; Sawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia; Naser, Ghazi Faisal, Department of Chemical Engineering, Al-Muthanna University, Samawah, Iraq, College of Engineering, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, AUIQ, An Nasiriyah, Iraq; Salahshour, Soheil, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Tuzla, Turkey, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Research Center of Applied Mathematics, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan; Sajadi, S. Mohammad, Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran; Sahramaneshi, Hani, Fast Computing Center, Tehran, IranThis paper investigates the dynamic instability behavior of an axially moving nano-beam with time-varying length, placed in a thermal environment and resting on a viscoelastic Pasternak-type foundation while subjected to axial loading. The governing equations of motion are formulated using the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory, incorporating nonlocal elasticity effects, and derived via Hamilton's principle. Floquet theory is employed to identify regions of parametric instability in the amplitude–frequency domain of the beam's longitudinal oscillations. A comprehensive parametric study is conducted to evaluate the influence of various physical factors, including geometric dimensions, axial velocity, nonlocal effects, thermal variations, axial forces, and viscoelastic foundation properties. The results demonstrate that the dynamic stability of the nano-beam is highly sensitive to these parameters. Notably, increasing the length of the nano-beam and the amplitude of longitudinal oscillations makes the system more prone to instability, whereas greater beam thickness and foundation stiffness enhance system stability. Thermal loads and compressive axial forces tend to destabilize the structure, while tensile loading and viscoelastic damping promote stability. The findings provide fundamental insights into the design of nano-scale moving beam systems under coupled thermal and mechanical fields and offer design guidelines for achieving dynamic robustness in advanced nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only An investigation into the effects of various phase change materials on industrial electronic systems' cooling rates through experimentation based on a specific dimensionless number(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Leng, Zhipeng; Basem, Ali A.; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah; Sawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh; Saeidlou, Salman; Al-Khafaji, Mohsin O.; Alizade, Morteza; Yazdekhasti, Arian; Salahshour, Soheil; Baghaei, Sh; Leng, Zhipeng, Organization and Personnel Department, Beihua University, Jilin, China; Basem, Ali A., Faculty of Engineering, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Amarah, Iraq; Sawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia; Saeidlou, Salman, Technology and Design, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, United Kingdom; Al-Khafaji, Mohsin O., Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq; Alizade, Morteza, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran; Yazdekhasti, Arian, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran; Salahshour, Soheil, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Tuzla, Turkey, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Research Center of Applied Mathematics, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan; Baghaei, Sh, Fast Computing Center, Tehran, Iran, Ceramic Engineering Research Center, IranThe development of electronic equipment depends on the performance of their processors, which themselves require operating at low temperatures. So, solutions that can keep their temperatures low are significant for the advancement of this valuable industry. This study attempts to find an effective solution to this problem in a practical case, which is the ASUS GT 730 silent graphics card. The working condition of this processor's heatsink is simulated by a heat source with 1.7- and 2.1-W heat flow rates. To cool down the system, a new experimental setup is proposed, in which the heatsink is placed inside an aluminum box where water flows through a copper pipe. In addition, two phase change materials (PCM), including Lauric Acid and Paraffin wax, with different volume percentages, are separately injected into the box to examine the influence of the properties of these materials on energy storage. Hence, 18 modes are obtained based on heat flux, PCM type, and their volume percentages. To compare the effectiveness, a dimensionless number is introduced as a special measure based on the time duration recorded for each mode, named dimensionless melting time efficiency (DMTE). This number, which adapts to the physics of the process, is defined as the ratio of the total heat input to the total heat capacity of PCM (sensible and latent). This new setup, together with the definition of the dimensionless number, provides an appropriate tool for achieving the best arrangement selection for higher thermal energy absorption. The results show that the presence of phase change materials, regardless of their type, will increase the efficiency of the system. Furthermore, using the maximum volume percentage of the phase change material will maximize the cooling efficiency of the system, where DMTE can be reduced by around 64 % for both PCMS and both input heat flow rates from 25 % volume percentage to full. Also, it is concluded that the choice of Lauric acid as phase material change for this case can enhance the performance of the system, where DMTE of Lauric acid decreases by 6.25 % for an input heat flow rate of 1.7 W and 9.68 % for 2.1 W than paraffin wax when the volume percentage of PCMs is maximum. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Dynamic instability analysis of piezoelectric nanoplates under combined AC/DC voltages(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Ali, Ali B.M.; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah; Sawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh; Hashim, Abdulghafor Mohammed; Salahshour, Soheil; Sajadi, S. Mohammad; Hasanabad, Ali Mohammadi; Ali, Ali B.M., Advanced Technical College, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Amarah, Iraq; Sawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia, BBN Technologies, Cambridge, United States; Hashim, Abdulghafor Mohammed, Department of Computer Science, Bayan University Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq, Republic of Iraq Ministry of Electricity, Baghdad, Iraq; Salahshour, Soheil, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Tuzla, Turkey, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Research Center of Applied Mathematics, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan; Sajadi, S. Mohammad, Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran; Hasanabad, Ali Mohammadi, Fast Computing Center, Tehran, IranThis work is devoted to the severe and still unsolved problem of a complete study of the instability of piezoelectric nanoplates under the combined impact of direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) voltages, nonlocal piezoelastic dependencies, and interaction with an elastic foundation. These combined investigations are rarely discussed in the literature, although they are crucial to the successful functioning of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), such as sensors, actuators, and energy harvesters. To address this research gap, we build a unified theoretical model, founded on Hamilton's principle, Mindlin plate theory, and Eringen nonlocal elasticity theory. Discretization of the governing equations is performed using the Galerkin method, with Floquet theory employed to rigorously identify parametric resonance effects and determine the stability and unstable regions of the voltage-frequency parameter space. The impact of controlling physical parameters, such as nonlocal scale factors, geometric dimensions, magnitude of DC voltage, and elastic foundation stiffness, is systematically studied to explain their collective contributions to instabilities. Our findings indicate that a nonlocal effect, combined with large lateral dimensions, tends to cause instability, whereas a stiff substrate and negative DC voltage enhance stability. Numerical simulations confirm the theory by showing uninhibited transverse displacement in vicinity of resonance regions. This detailed investigation not only contributes to the basic knowledge of electromechanical coupling and dynamics in piezoelectric nanoplates but also provides practical design guidelines to maximize the robustness and efficiency of NEMS devices in the future. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.