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Publication Metadata only Expert System for Diagnosis of Multiple Neuromuscular Disorders using EMG Signals(IEEE, 2022) Khan, Muhammad Umar; Hanbali, Raneem; Sharma, Siddhant; Iqtidar, Khushbakht; Aziz, Sumair; Farooq, Adil; University of Engineering & Technology Taxila; Bahcesehir University; University System of Ohio; Wright State University Dayton; National University of Sciences & Technology - Pakistan; University of CyprusAge factors and muscular diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and myopathy significantly reduce muscle activity. Early and accurate diagnosis of ALS and myopathy is of great significance for maintaining better life quality. Electromyogram (EMG) signals of the Biceps Brachii muscles are widely used for the diagnosis of ALS and myopathy through a computer-aided automated system. This results in early diagnosis of the diseases which is helpful in symptom management in the patients. In this article, EMG signals were first filtered using Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) through reconstruction of the signal using appropriate Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). Preprocessed signals were reconstructed using relative energy-based thresholding of IMFs. Important features of preprocessed EMG signals were extracted using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and Gammatone Cepstral Coefficient (GTCC). The final feature vector was constructed by a combination of MFCC and GTCC features. These features were used to train and test Cubic Support Vector Machine (C-SVM). C-SVM yielded the best results of 91.1% mean accuracy for distinguishing between Normal, ALS, and Myopathy signals. The proposed method was compared with a range of other state-of-the-art classification methods. The results of this research advocate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for the accurate diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases in clinical environments.Publication Metadata only Assistive Visual Tool: Enhancing Safe Navigation with Video Remapping in AR Headsets(SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, 2025) Sadeghzadeh, Arezoo; Islam, Md Baharul; Uddin, Md Nur; Aydin, Tarkan; DelBue, A; Canton, C; Pont-Tuset, J; Tommasi, T; Bahcesehir University; State University System of Florida; Florida Gulf Coast UniversityVisual Field Loss (VFL) is characterized by blind spots or scotomas that poses detrimental impact on fundamental movement activities of individuals. Addressing the challenges (e.g., low video quality, content loss, high levels of contradiction, and limited mobility assessment) faced by existing Extended Reality (XR) systems as vision aids, we introduce a groundbreaking method that enriches the real-time navigation using Augmented Reality (AR) glasses. Our novel vision aid employs advanced video processing techniques to enhance visual perception in individuals with moderate to severe VFL, bridging the gap to healthy vision. A unique optimal video remapping function, tailored to our selected AR glasses characteristics, dynamically maps live video content to the largest intact region of the Visual Field (VF) map. Our method preserves video quality, minimizing blurriness and distortion. Through a comprehensive empirical user study involving 29 subjects with artificially induced scotomas, statistical analyses of object counting and multi-tasking walking track tests demonstrate the promising performance of our method in enhancing visual awareness and navigation capability in real-time.Publication Metadata only Performance Comparison of Oral, Laryngeal and Thoracic Sounds in the Detection of COVID-19 by Employing Machine Learning Techniques(IEEE, 2022) Gozuacik, Necip; Serbes, Gorkem; Kara, Eyup; Atar, Eren; Sakar, C. Okan; Yener, H. Murat; Borekci, Sermin; Korkmazer, Bora; Karaali, Ridvan; Kara, Halide; Gulmez, Zuleyha; Cogen, Talha; Atas, Ahmet; Bahcesehir University; Yildiz Technical University; Istanbul University; Istanbul University - CerrahpasaCOVID-19 can directly or indirectly cause lung involvements by crossing the upper airways. It is essential to quickly detect the lung involvement condition and to follow up and treat these patients by early hospitalization. In recent COVID-19 diagnosis procedure, PCR testing is applied to the samples taken from the patients and a quarantine period is applied to the patient until the test results are received. As a complement to PCR tests and for faster diagnosis, thin-section lung computed tomography (CT) imaging is used in COVID-19 patients. In this study, it is aimed to develop a method that is as reliable as CT, and compared to CT, less risky, more accessible, and less costly for the diagnosis of COVID-19 disease. For this purpose, first speech and cough sounds from the oral, laryngeal and thoracic regions of COVID-19 patients and healthy individuals were obtained with the multi-channel voice recording system we proposed, the obtained data were processed with machine learning methods and their accuracies in COVID-19 diagnosis were presented comparatively. In our study, the best results were obtained with the features extracted from the cough sounds taken from the oral region.Publication Metadata only Design and Simulation of MEMS Electrostatic Resonator for Ammonia Gas Detection Based on SOIMUMPs(IEEE, 2021) Hashwan, Saeed S. Ba; Khir, M. H. Md; Al-Douri, Y.; Yousif, A.; Ramza, H.; Arjo, S.; Universiti Teknologi Petronas; Universiti Malaya; Bahcesehir University; Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. HamkaThe analytical modeling, design, and simulation of micromachined MEMS resonator for ammonia gas detection is presented in this paper. The MEMS resonator is designed to be vibrated electrostatically using interdigitated comb fingers. The demonstrated device is designed to be capable to carry micro-ring resonator and vibrated in-plane laterally to enhance the sensitivity of the gas detection. This MEMS resonator working principle is based on the changes in the output signal wavelength due to the change in the effective refractive index introduced by the ammonia gas. The resonant frequency of the actuator and the pull-in voltage have been calculated theoretically and found to be 11.15 kHz and 79.7 V respectively. The design and simulation of the micromachined microresonator has been carried out using CoventorWare software. Furthermore, the mathematically modeled results were verified using the finite element analysis software and the result shows a good agreement within 1.06% error between the modeled and simulated frequencies where the modeled and the simulated frequencies are found to be 11.15 kHz and 11.27 kHz respectively.Publication Metadata only Design and analysis of a label-free water-soluble glucose sensor based on suspended hybrid plasmonic micro-ring resonator(IEEE, 2022) Moeinimaleki, Kaveh; Moeinimaleki, Babak; Zarean, Rana; Abedashtiani, Alireza; Karamzadeh, Saeid; Akdeniz University; Bahcesehir UniversityIn this paper, the design and analysis of a label-free water-soluble glucose sensor based on a suspended hybrid plasmonic micro-ring resonator with an external radius of 940 nm in the third telecommunication window to sense the concentration of water-soluble glucose is presented. The simulation results obtained using three-dimensional FDTD show that the sensitivity and the figure of merit values obtained for glucose measurements with concentrations of 0 to 50% in water solution are 218.5 (nm/RIU) and 16.11 (1/RIU), respectively. Comparing the results of the proposed sensor with the previous work, which has four times more footprint, shows that the structure's sensitivity has increased by 17 percent.Publication Metadata only Advancing Retinal Image Segmentation: A Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model Perspective(IEEE COMPUTER SOC, 2024) Alimanov, Alnur; Islam, Md Baharul; Bahcesehir University; State University System of Florida; Florida Gulf Coast UniversityRetinal images and vessel trees play a crucial role in aiding ophthalmologists to identify and diagnose various illnesses related to the eyes, blood vessels, and brain. However, manual retinal image segmentation is a laborious and highly skilled procedure, posing challenges in terms of both difficulty and time consumption. This study proposes a novel approach to retinal image segmentation, leveraging the Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM) for precise performance. To our best knowledge, DDPM is being applied in this domain for the first time. Our approach incorporates a novel constraint to prevent DDPM from generating vessel structures that not present in the original retinal images during the segmentation process. Additionally, our model is not limited to the original DDPM size of 64 x 64 pixels. Instead, we train it to effectively segment images sized 256 x 256 pixels. This is a significant advancement since the original DDPM works exclusively with 64x64 image sizes and is primarily designed for generating random image samples. In our work, we address both limitations with a novel, efficient approach for accurate retinal image segmentation. A comprehensive evaluation of our methodology includes both quantitative and qualitative assessments. Our proposed method demonstrates competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art techniques, as indicated by both qualitative and quantitative scores. The source code of our method can be accessed at https://github.com/AAleka/DDPM-segmentation.Publication Metadata only A Holistic Methodology for Digital Governance Transition and Measuring Its Effect on Enterprise Companies(ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY, 2021) Ozturk, Ediz; Kocak, Taskin; Loukis, E; Macadar, MA; Nielsen, MM; Bahcesehir University; University of Louisiana System; University of New OrleansDigital transformation has become one of the most emphasized issues for organizations today. Organizations have a long way to go in this difficult road. First of all, they should develop and measure their governance skills, and then they need to create the necessary studies in both technological and managerial terms for IT systems to become a value. While doing all these, they should also create a risk management structure with a correct approach by performing consultancy, supervision, and evaluation services completely. In line with this whole process, there are different standards and practices in every field they need to follow. This paper presents a methodology proposition in a general perspective that can be applied end-to-end in the field of digitalization, starting from the governance structure to the IT value-adding strategy. Thanks to this new methodology, it is possible to see many processes such as governance, consultancy, digital transformation, auditing, internal control, which are disconnected from each other, in the big picture and arrange all activities accordingly. With long-term follow-up, the strategic and tactical perspectives of institutions can be created and their progress over time can be followed by this new methodology. This paper performs both qualitative and quantitative measurements of the applications of the new methodology to compare them with existing ones. This methodology introduces a holistic methodology lacking in the market.Publication Metadata only A Research for Measuring the Effects of COVID-19 on Digital Transformation within Enterprise Companies(ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY, 2021) Ozturk, Ediz; Kocak, Taskin; Loukis, E; Macadar, MA; Nielsen, MM; Bahcesehir University; University of Louisiana System; University of New OrleansPandemics are not only medical phenomenon, but they also influence people and society in many respects. It has an effect on almost all markets all over the world. COVID-19 pandemic, expressed as change, empowerment, or post-traumatic growth, with several negative consequences as well as positive consequences. It also has the potential for opportunities. Years of change in the way companies do business have resulted from the COVID 19 crisis across all industries and regions. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between different demographic variables, COVID-19's impact on digital transformation and post-traumatic effects. The article reflects in practical terms on whether and how the COVID-19 emergence in organizations accelerates digital transformation. This study is a descriptive quantitative approach research based on general survey model.Publication Metadata only Comparison of Photothermal Activity of Iron- and Manganese-Chelated Natural Melanin Nanoparticles(IEEE, 2024) Yektar, Seyma; Kaleli-Can, Gizem; Baysoy, Engin; Ruhi, Mustafa Kemal; Uskudar University; Bogazici University; Izmir Democracy University; Bahcesehir UniversityMelanin is a pigment abundance in many living organisms and has been studied for its nanoparticle form in applications such as biosensors, drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy. Previous research indicated that natural melanin nanoparticles (MNPs) conjugated with metal ions could serve as contrast agents for T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging due to their high T1 relaxivity rates. MNPs have excellent ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared irradiation absorption and photothermal activity in a wide range of wavelengths. This study investigated whether the photothermal properties of melanin nanoparticles persist after metal-ion chelation, comparing the efficacy of natural and metal-conjugated forms at different concentrations. The results demonstrate that metal ion chelation used for MR imaging does not affect the photothermal efficiency of MNPs, and the photothermal activity of the nanoparticles increase with nanoparticle concentration. The solution consisting of a 2 mg/ml concentration of manganese-MNP complexes (MNP-Mn2+) showed the highest increase with 7 degrees C temperature compared to distilled water under 633 nm wavelength laser irradiation for 30 minutes.Publication Metadata only Natural Language Processing-Based Product Category Classification Model for E-Commerce(IEEE, 2022) Koksal, Deniz; Alacan, M. Mert; Olgun, Ecesu; Sakar, C. Okan; Bahcesehir UniversityIn scope of the great dynamism that the world of e-commerce gained with the post-pandemic changes on customer behavior, extending the customer's time on site has become much more valuable. With regards to creating a better understanding of the online shopper's intent on site, an effective search engine is the best tool for improving the user experience. A useful search engine needs to produce fast results and do intent analysis of customers correctly to present successful recommendations. In this study, BERT, ELECTRA and RoBERTa which are language models that give successful results in similar problems and pre-training libraries in Turkish languages are used for developing text classification and customer intent analysis models based on e-commerce product categories. The results of these deep learning models, which were optimized using the product description and comment libraries of the selected e-commerce brand, are shared in a comparative way, and the results of our e-commerce end-user intent analysis model, which was tested on user search history, were detailed on the basis of product category. The developed model can be used for e-commerce product prioritization in Turkish language, as well as creating an infrastructure for the development of intent analysis models that are able to predict as far as the main product that the user wants to display in searches containing multiple products.