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  • Publication
    Heat transfer enhancement of phase change materials using tree shaped fins: A comprehensive review
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Rashid, Farhan Lafta; Dhaidan, Nabeel S.; Mahdi, Ali Jafer; Kadhim, Saif Ali; Hammoodi, Karrar A.; Al-Obaidi, Mudhar A.; Mohammed, Hayder I.; Ahmad, Shabbir; Salahshour, Soheil; Agyekum, Ephraim Bonah; Rashid, Farhan Lafta, Department of Petroleum Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq; Dhaidan, Nabeel S., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq; Mahdi, Ali Jafer, College of Information Technology Engineering, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq; Kadhim, Saif Ali, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Technology- Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Hammoodi, Karrar A., Department of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq; Al-Obaidi, Mudhar A., Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq, Technical Instructors Training Institute, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq; Mohammed, Hayder I., Department of Physics, University of Garmian, Kalar City, Iraq; Ahmad, Shabbir, School of Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil, Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China; Salahshour, Soheil, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Tuzla, Turkey, Faculty of Science and Letters, Pîrî Reis Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Agyekum, Ephraim Bonah, Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
    The efficiency of thermal energy storage is essential in phase change material (PCM) systems. Many traditional configurations of fins, such as radial, rectangular, and pin fins, have yet to be found lacking in how they facilitate heat transfer at charging and discharging processes, causing more extended phase change periods and decreasing the entire system's efficiency. This review seeks to fill the gap in thermal performance improvement and categorizes the existing literature related to melting, solidification, and a combination of both melting and solidification processes. Scientific research carried out in the melting section shows that tree-shaped fins have the potential to cut down melting time by 60 % compared to conventional fins and thereby significantly improve the ability to store energy. The solidification section highlights that such revolutionary fin configurations can reduce solidification time by 30 to 50 %, thus improving the system's performance. Additionally, the synchronized analysis of the trees proves that while the tree fins enhance the distribution of heat all over the trees, they also enhance the natural convection, improving the uniformity of temperatures and the effectiveness of phase change. The outcomes reveal that even though tree-shaped fins are capital-intensive, their low operating costs and higher efficiency leverage initial costs. Incorporating tree-shaped fins in the PCM system is a novel step in enhancing thermal energy storage systems with significant enhancement of solidification and melting in thermal management applications, which are crucial challenges to energy efficiency and sustainability. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
  • Publication
    A comprehensive review of data analytics and storage methods in geothermal energy operations
    (Elsevier B.V., 2025) Basem, Ali A.; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah; Khidhir, Dana Mohammad; Sawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh; Baghoolizadeh, Mohammadreza; Fazilati, Mohammad Ali; Salahshour, Soheil; Sajadi, S. Mohammad; Hasanabad, Ali Mohammadi; Basem, Ali A., Faculty of Engineering, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq; Al-Nussairi, Ahmed Kateb Jumaah, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Amarah, Iraq; Khidhir, Dana Mohammad, Department of Petroleum Engineering, Knowledge University, Erbil, Iraq; Sawaran Singh, Narinderjit Singh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia; Baghoolizadeh, Mohammadreza, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrekord University, Shahr-e Kord, Iran; Fazilati, Mohammad Ali, Efficiency and Smartization of Energy Systems Research Center, Khomeyni Shahr, Iran; Salahshour, Soheil, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Tuzla, Turkey, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Research Center of Applied Mathematics, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan; Sajadi, S. Mohammad, Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran; Hasanabad, Ali Mohammadi, Fast Computing Center, Tehran, Iran
    Geothermal energy storage (GES) systems are thoroughly examined in this research, with a focus on methods like borehole thermal energy storage (BTES), underground thermal energy storage (UTES), and aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES). It highlights the importance of thermal energy storage (TES) systems in addressing global energy challenges. The feasibility of UTES for large-scale energy storage and its integration with geothermal power plants is investigated. The ATES, with the advantage of large storage capacity and low operating costs has could be employed in regions with suitable aquifers. The adaptability of BTES to different ground conditions and its small land footprint made it a spotlight for the researchers. The study emphasizes the role of TES technologies in meeting the growing demand for renewable energy, reducing the impact of climate change, and providing efficient energy solutions for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning. HVAC systems. Also, the application of geothermal power plants and TES systems in decreasing the dependence on nonrenewable energy sources and increasing energy efficiency increase investigated. The development of reliable and affordable sensors, together with improvements in processing power, has made data-intensive algorithms and real-time operational decision-making applications in the field of geothermal energy. The study also delves into the potential of machine learning to optimize geothermal design, monitor performance, improve performance, find errors, and more. It was shown that artificial neural networks were the most common kind of trained model, while several other models were often used as benchmarks for performance. Picture selection, systematic time series feature engineering and model evaluation were all areas that showed a lot of promise in the systematic review for future research and practical applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.