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Publication Metadata only Pharmacologic overview of chlorogenic acid and its metabolites in chronic pain and inflammation(Bentham Science Publishers P.O. Box 294 Bussum 1400 AG, 2020) Baǧdaş, Deniz; Gül, Zülfiye; Meade, Julie A.; Cam, Betul; Çinkılıç, Nilüfer; Gürün, Mine Sibel; Baǧdaş, Deniz, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States; Gül, Zülfiye, Department of Pharmacology, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Meade, Julie A., Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States; Cam, Betul, Department of Physiology, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa, Turkey; Çinkılıç, Nilüfer, Department of Biology, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa, Turkey; Gürün, Mine Sibel, Department of Pharmacology, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa, TurkeyBackground: Natural phenolic compounds in medicinal herbs and dietary plants are antioxidants which play therapeutic or preventive roles in different pathological situations, such as oxidative stress and inflammation. One of the most studied phenolic compounds in the last decade is chlorogenic acid (CGA), which is a potent antioxidant found in certain foods and drinks. Objective: This review focuses on the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive bioactivities of CGA, and the putative mechanisms of action are described. Ethnopharmacological reports related to these bioactivities are also reviewed. Materials and Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted by authors up to October 2019. Original articles were selected. Results: CGA has been shown to reduce inflammation and modulate inflammatory and neuropathic pain in animal models. Conclusion: The consensus of the literature search was that systemic CGA may facilitate pain management via bolstering antioxidant defenses against inflammatory insults. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Open Access Artificial intelligence and ophthalmology(Turkish Ophthalmology Society info@oftalmoloji.com, 2020) Keskinbora, Kadircan H.; Guven, Fatih; Keskinbora, Kadircan H., Department of Ophthalmology, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Guven, Fatih, Clinic of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, TurkeyArtificial intelligence is advancing rapidly and making its way into all areas of our lives. This review discusses developments and potential practices regarding the use of artificial intelligence in the field of ophthalmology, and the related topic of medical ethics. Various artificial intelligence applications related to the diagnosis of eye diseases were researched in books, journals, search engines, print and social media. Resources were cross-checked to verify the information. Artificial intelligence algorithms, some of which were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, have been adopted in the field of ophthalmology, especially in diagnostic studies. Studies are being conducted that prove that artificial intelligence algorithms can be used in the field of ophthalmology, especially in diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and retinopathy of prematurity. Some of these algorithms have come to the approval stage. The current point in artificial intelligence studies shows that this technology has advanced considerably and shows promise for future work. It is believed that artificial intelligence applications will be effective in identifying patients with preventable vision loss and directing them to physicians, especially in developing countries where there are fewer trained professionals and physicians are difficult to reach. When we consider the possibility that some future artificial intelligence systems may be candidates for moral/ethical status, certain ethical issues arise. Questions about moral/ethical status are important in some areas of applied ethics. Although it is accepted that current intelligence systems do not have moral/ethical status, it has yet to be determined what the exact the characteristics that confer moral/ethical status are or will be. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Open Access Vitamin D in autism spectrum disorder, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda D Vitamini(Ortadog u Reklam Tanitim Yayincilik Turizm Egitim Insaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. aysea@turkiyeklinikleri.com Turkocagi Caddesi No. 30 Balgat 06520, 2020) Ozlu Karahan, Tugce; Arslan, Ezgi; Kenger, Emre Batuhan; Ergün, Can; Ozlu Karahan, Tugce, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Arslan, Ezgi, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Kenger, Emre Batuhan, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Ergün, Can, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, TurkeyAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is characterized by impaired socio-communicative functionality, limited interests, recurrent or stereotyped behaviors. Epidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of ASD has increased in the last 50 years even if the increase of awareness of ASD and the expansion of diagnostic criteria and diagnostic methods of ASD. Many studies demonstrated that there is an association between the risk of ASD and vitamin D deficiency. In this, review, studies examined the relationship between vitamin D and ASD were considered. All of the examined cross-sectional studies showed that the serum vitamin D level was low among children with ASD. In addition, it was determined that as a therapeutic purpose, vitamin D had positive impacts on children with ASD. On the other hand, investigated studies demonstrated that reduced maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy and exposure to sunlight may increase the risk of ASD. It has been believed that vitamin D deficiency affects ASD pathogenesis due to the formation of many de novo gene mutations by not repairing the mutated genes. According to another opinion, it has been suggested that the decreased antioxidant defenses as a result of vitamin D deficiency affect the neuroglial activation and neuroinflammation process in the brain of individuals with ASD. As the relationship of vitamin D with ASD, it is crucial to screen pregnant women who are at risk of deficiency and children with ASD in terms of vitamin D deficiency and to plan appropriate treatment if necessary. Randomized controlled trials are required to be carried out in the prevention and/or treatment of ASD. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Successful WATCHMAN Device Implantation in a Patient with IVC Filter Thrombosis and Iliac Vein Occlusions(Elsevier Inc. usjcs@elsevier.com, 2020) Okutucu, Sercan; Ates, Ismail; Marmagkiolis, Konstantinos; Kose, Gulcan; Iliescu, Cesar Angi; Ci̧lingiroǧlu, Mehmet; Okutucu, Sercan, Department of Cardiology, Ankara Numune Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; Ates, Ismail, Department of Cardiology, Medical Park Hospitals, Antalya, Turkey; Marmagkiolis, Konstantinos, Florida Hospital, Orlando, United States; Kose, Gulcan, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Iliescu, Cesar Angi, UT Houston, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States; Ci̧lingiroǧlu, Mehmet, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Arkansas Heart Hospital, Little Rock, United StatesPercutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion has been shown to be a safe and cost-effective treatment for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation with increased stroke and bleeding risk. Venous system might be occluded from prior procedures or have structural abnormalities. Herein, we present a successful WATCHMAN device implantation in a patient with inferior vena cava filter thrombosis and iliac vein occlusions. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Automated Insulin Delivery in Children with Type 1 Diabetes(W.B. Saunders, 2020) Cengiz, Eda; Cengiz, Eda, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyThe advent of insulin pump therapy marked an important milestone in diabetes treatment in the past few decades and has become the tipping point for the development of automated insulin delivery systems (AID). Standalone insulin pump systems have evolved over the course of years and have been replaced by modern high-technology insulin pumps with continuous glucose monitor interface allowing real-time insulin dose adjustment to optimize treatment. This review summarizes evidence from AID studies conducted in children with type 1 diabetes and discusses the outlook for future generation AID systems from a pediatric treatment perspective. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Unknown State-of-the-art Review: Interventional Onco-Cardiology(Springer, 2020) Pushparaji, Bala; Marmagkiolis, Konstantinos; Miller, Cameron K.; Aziz, Moez Karim; Bălănescu, D. V.; Donisan, Teodora; Palaskas, Nicolas L.; Kim, Peter Y.; Lopez-Mattei, Juan Carlos; Ci̧lingiroǧlu, Mehmet; Pushparaji, Bala, Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States; Marmagkiolis, Konstantinos, Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States, Northside Hospital, St Petersburg, United States; Miller, Cameron K., Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States; Aziz, Moez Karim, Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States; Bălănescu, D. V., Department of Internal Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, United States; Donisan, Teodora, Department of Internal Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, United States; Palaskas, Nicolas L., Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States; Kim, Peter Y., Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States; Lopez-Mattei, Juan Carlos, Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States; Ci̧lingiroǧlu, Mehmet, Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyPurpose of review: To discuss invasive cardiovascular procedures as they relate to onco-cardiology, as well as recent additions to anti-cancer therapies and their subsequent effect on cardiovascular toxicity. Recent findings: The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy has been linked to cardiotoxicity and represents an emerging area of concern. Recent advances in transcatheter valve replacement have shown benefits compared with surgical management regardless of malignancy type, stage, or treatment. Summary: With the increasing use of immunotherapy and increasing recognition of cardiotoxicity, there is a need for identifying mortality-improving strategies. The use of a transcatheter approach for aortic valve replacement looks to be a safer alternative when compared with surgical replacement despite the presence of cancer. Pericardial disease is frequent in the cancer population and pericardiocentesis represents a valid option for the treatment of significant pericardial effusions. Endomyocardial biopsy is performed for various indications in the cancer population and is the gold standard for diagnosing myocarditis and infiltrative diseases. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Unknown The pros and cons of digital health communication tools in neurosurgery: a systematic review of literature(Springer, 2020) Nanah, Abdelrahman; Bayoumi, Ahmed B.; Nanah, Abdelrahman, Faculty of Medicine, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Bayoumi, Ahmed B., Faculty of Medicine, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyEffective communication is critical in healthcare facilitation. Our aim is to illustrate the impact of digital communication tools in the field of neurosurgery based on the cumulative recently published reports to show an evidence-based review of both benefits and limitations. We performed a systematic review of records published from January 2003 to March 2018. A specific set of keywords such as digital and communication were used on PubMed database to conduct a thorough online search. 13 articles, out of 52, were comprehensively studied after complying with our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Many of the reviewed studies reported several applications of digital health communication tools in neurosurgery including 46% (6/13) in the Emergency Room and 23% (3/13) in the Operating Room. 38.5% (5/13) were applied in teaching hospitals. Reviewed studies were divided into two groups according to their applications (interventional (3/13) and non-interventional (10/13)). In the Emergency Room, digital health tools facilitated timely diagnosis and management, while in the operating room it permitted revolutionary robotic surgery. It showed potential for no-risk learning at academic institutions. While the fruitful impacts were convincing of the digital communication tools’ ability to enhance healthcare in neurosurgery, proper adherence to regulations against data loss and theft, two potential complications of digital tool misuse, must be maintained. Additionally, both time efficiency and the necessity of waiting for better implementation of communication tools proved to be obstacles to consistent digital tool integration. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Unknown Neurosurgical Practice During Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic(Elsevier Inc. usjcs@elsevier.com, 2020) Ozoner, Barış; Gungor, Abuzer; Hasanov, Teyyub; Toktaş, Zafer Orkun; Kilic, Turker D.; Ozoner, Barış, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Gungor, Abuzer, Department of Neurosurgery, Okmeydani Research and Education Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Hasanov, Teyyub, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Toktaş, Zafer Orkun, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Kilic, Turker D., Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a highly contagious life-threatening condition with unprecedented impacts for worldwide societies and health care systems. Since the first detection in China, it has spread rapidly worldwide. The increased burden has substantially affected neurosurgical practice and intensive modifications have been required in surgical scheduling, inpatient and outpatient clinics, management of emergency cases, and even in academic activities. In some systems, nonoverlapping teams have been created to minimize transmission among health care workers. In cases of a massive burden, neurosurgeons may need to be reassigned to COVID-19 wards, or teams from other regions may need to be sent to severely affected areas. Recommendations are as following. In outpatient practice, if possible, appointments should be undertaken via telemedicine. All staff assigned to the non-COVID treatment unit should be clothed in level 1 personal protective equipment. If possible, postponement is recommended for operations that do not require urgent or emergent intervention. All patients indicated for surgery must receive COVID-19 screening, including a nasopharyngeal swab and thorax computed tomography. Level 2 protection measures are appropriate during COVID-19–negative patients' operations. Operations of COVID-19–positive patients and emergency operations, in which screening cannot be obtained, should be performed after level 3 protective measures. During surgery, the use of high-speed drills and electrocautery should be reduced to minimize aerosol production. Screening is crucial in all patients because the surgical outcome is highly mortal in patients with COVID-19. All educational and academic conferences can be undertaken as virtual webinars. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Unknown A new risk factor for cardiometabolic syndrome: Chrononutrition, Kardiyometabolik Sendrom İçin Yeni Bir Risk Faktörü: Krono-Beslenme(Ortadog u Reklam Tanitim Yayincilik Turizm Egitim Insaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S., 2020) Arslan, Ezgi; Ozlu Karahan, Tugce; Kenger, Emre Batuhan; Ergün, Can; Arslan, Ezgi, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Ozlu Karahan, Tugce, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Kenger, Emre Batuhan, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Ergün, Can, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyCircadian system regulates energy homeostasis, including nutrient intake and energy expenditure. Chrononutrition is a novel developing discipline based on the close relationship between endogenous circadian rhythm and metabolism. In this review, it was aimed to reveal the effects of nutritional intake and diet on cardiometabolic heath through circadian systems. Chrononutrition covers 3 dimensions of eating behaviour: timing, frequency and regularity. Sleep patterns are defined as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases because of circadian disruption, glucose and lipid metabolism and physiological conditions that occur betwen hunger/feeding cycles and light/dark cycles. The most of studies about chrononutrition focused on meal timing and frequency. Regarding this, meal timing patterns such as skipping breakfast or higher energy intake in the evening might be linked to the risk of overweight/obesity and negative metabolic effects on individuals. Insufficient and poor quality sleep is risk factor for cardiometabolic health. It has been explained that inadequate sleep disrupts the rhythms of body, and deteriorated rhythms cause increased nutritional intake and irregular feeding profiles. It has been explained that inadequate sleep disrupts the rhythms of body, and deteriorated rhythms cause increased nutritional intake and irregular feeding profiles. In conclusion, there are cycles that affect between nutrition, sleep and circadian rhythm. It has been suggested that there are mechanisms and pathways that have not yet been revealed among the cycles. More research is required to understand the interaction between chrononutrition and cardiometabolic health. © 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Spine Metastasis of Thymic Carcinoma in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review(S. Karger AG, 2020) Oktay, Kadir; Güzel, Ebru; Baykara, Okay; Akbaba, Mevlana; Sarí, Ibrahim; Güzel, Aslan I.; Oktay, Kadir, Department of Neurosurgery, Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi, Adana, Turkey; Güzel, Ebru, Department of Radiology, Medical Park Hospital, Bursa, Turkey; Baykara, Okay, Department of Neurosurgery, Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi, Adana, Turkey; Akbaba, Mevlana, Department of Neurosurgery, Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi, Adana, Turkey; Sarí, Ibrahim, Department of Pathology, Patomer Pathology Laboratory, Gaziantep, Turkey; Güzel, Aslan I., Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyIntroduction: Thymic carcinoma metastases of the spinal column are very rare, especially in pediatric patients. To our knowledge, this is the first such pediatric case in the literature. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 14-year-old male patient with T12 and L1 metastases of thymic carcinoma. He had history of thymectomy and intrathoracic tumor resection 7 months previously. The patient's neurological condition deteriorated, therefore, tumor resection and decompression of the spinal canal were performed. He underwent instrumentation and fusion procedures to prevent spinal instability. Conclusion: The main purpose of the treatment is gross total resection of the thymic carcinoma. However, adjuvant methods such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy should be added to the treatment protocol in patients who have higher stage diseases or those in whom total tumor resection cannot be achieved. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.