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    QoE Estimation for the Wi-Fi Edge with Gradient Boosting-based Machine Learning
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Argın, Berke; Demir, Mehmet Özgün; Onalan, Aysun Gurur; Salik, Elif DIlek; Gelal, Ece; Argın, Berke, Lifemote Networks, Istanbul, Turkey; Demir, Mehmet Özgün, Lifemote Networks, Istanbul, Turkey; Onalan, Aysun Gurur, Lifemote Networks, Istanbul, Turkey; Salik, Elif DIlek, Lifemote Networks, Istanbul, Turkey; Gelal, Ece, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey
    An integral part of the Intent-Based Networking paradigm is estimating and improving the end-user quality of experience (QoE). Estimating user experience from the (wide-area) network data alone does not accurately represent the performance at customer premises since Wi-Fi at the edge also significantly affects the perceived QoE. We propose machine learning-based estimation of the end-users' perceived QoE for web browsing and video streaming applications, based on Wi-Fi statistics. We implement support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), multilayer perceptron (MLP), XGBoost, and CatBoost algorithms and compare their performance. To the best of our knowledge, our CatBoost-based model yields the highest accuracy to date, 0.92 R2, in estimating the QoE for web browsing based on Wi-Fi statistics. Our experiments also show that the XGBoost-based QoE estimator outperformed the neural network-based model in estimating the QoE for video streaming. Our work demonstrates that network operators can infer the user-perceived QoE in a Wi-Fi network through telemetry data obtained by passive measurements. © 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.