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Publication Open Access Assessment of Vascular Patency and Inflammation with Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Superficial Femoral Artery Disease Treated with Zilver PTX Stents(Elsevier Inc. [email protected], 2020) Hoyt, Taylor; Feldman, Marc David; Okutucu, Sercan; Lendel, Vasili; Marmagkiolis, Konstantinos; McIntosh, Victoria; Ates, Ismail; Kose, Gulcan; Mego, David M.; Paixao, Andre R.M.; Hoyt, Taylor, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States; Feldman, Marc David, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States; Okutucu, Sercan, Ankara Numune Hospital, Ankara, Turkey; Lendel, Vasili, Arkansas Heart Hospital, Little Rock, United States; Marmagkiolis, Konstantinos, Florida Hospital, Orlando, United States; McIntosh, Victoria, Arkansas Heart Hospital, Little Rock, United States; Ates, Ismail, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Kose, Gulcan, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Mego, David M., Arkansas Heart Hospital, Little Rock, United States; Paixao, Andre R.M., Arkansas Heart Hospital, Little Rock, United StatesPurpose: Zilver PTX nitinol self-expanding drug-eluting stent with paclitaxel coating is effective for treatment of superficial femoral artery (SFA) disease. However, as with any stent, it induces a measure of vascular inflammatory response. The current clinical trial (NCT02734836) aimed to assess vascular patency, remodeling, and inflammatory markers with intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with SFA disease treated with Zilver PTX stents. Methods: Serial OCT examinations were performed in 13 patients at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Variables evaluated included neointimal area, luminal narrowing, thrombus area, stent expansion as well as measures of inflammation including, peri-strut low-intensity area (PLIA), macrophage arc, neovascularization, stent strut apposition and coverage. Results: Percentage of malapposed struts decreased from 10.3 ± 7.9% post-intervention to 1.1 ± 2.2% at 12-month follow-up, but one patient showed late-acquired stent malapposition (LASM). The percent of uncovered struts at follow-up was 3.0 ± 4.5%. Average expansion of stent cross-sectional area from baseline to follow-up was 35 ± 19%. The average neointimal area was 7.8 ± 3.8 mm2. Maximal luminal narrowing was 61.1 ± 25.0%, and average luminal narrowing was 35.4 ± 18.2%. Average peri-strut low-intensity area (PLIA) per strut was 0.017 ± 0.018 mm2. Average number of neovessels per mm of stent was 0.138 ± 0.181. Average macrophage angle per frame at follow-up was 7 ± 11°. Average thrombus area at follow-up was 0.0093 ± 0.0184 mm2. Conclusion: At 12-month follow-up, OCT analysis of Zilver PTX stent shows outward remodeling and minimal neointimal growth, but evidence of inflammation including PLIA, neovessels, thrombus and macrophages. Thirteen patients with PAD had paclitaxel-coated stents implanted in their SFAs and were then imaged with OCT at baseline and 12-month follow-up. OCT proxy metrics of inflammation were quantified. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Open Access Evaluation of monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio, lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets in psoriasis(Elsevier Espana S.L., 2020) Aktaş Karabay, Ezgi; Demir, Damla; Aksu Çerman, Asli; Aktaş Karabay, Ezgi, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Demir, Damla, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey; Aksu Çerman, Asli, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, TurkeyBackground: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that is associated with cardiovascular comorbidities. Objectives: The objective of this retrospective study is to assess the C-reactive protein, monocyte-to-high-density-lipoprotein ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio as inflammatory markers in patients with psoriasis and to search for a relationship between these parameters and psoriasis severity, as defined by the psoriasis area and severity index. Methods: There were 94 patients with psoriasis and 118 healthy controls enrolled in the study. The C-reactive protein, monocyte-to-high-density-lipoprotein ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio values of two groups were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in terms of C-reactive protein, monocyte-to-high-density-lipoprotein ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio between the patient and control groups (p = 0.001, p = 0.003, p = 0.038, and p = 0.007, respectively). Positive correlations were found between the psoriasis area and severity index and the values of C-reactive protein, monocyte-to-high-density-lipoprotein ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (r: 0.381, p < 0.01, r: 0.203, p < 0.05, r: 0.268, p < 0.01, r: 0.374, p < 0.01, r: 0.294, p < 0.01, respectively). Study limitations: The small sample size and the retrospective design of the study are limitations. Conclusion: Elevated C-reactive protein, monocyte-to-high-density-lipoprotein ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio were significantly associated with psoriasis. A positive correlation between C-reactive protein and monocyte-to-high-density-lipoprotein ratio leads to the suggestion that monocyte-to-high-density-lipoprotein ratio might be a reliable parameter in psoriasis during the follow-up. The relationship between the diasease and inflammatory parameters might provide early detection of cardiovascular morbidities in psoriasis patients. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Open Access Multicenter study of levodopa carbidopa intestinal gel in Parkinson’s disease: The Turkish experience(Turkiye Klinikleri Talapapa Bulvary no. 102 Hamammonu 1 06230, 2020) Gültekin, Murat; Ulukan, Çağrı; Tezcan, Sabiha; Dog̃u, Okan; Hanaĝasi, Haşmet Ayhan; Bilgiç, Başar Gar; Bora Tokcaer, Ayse; Çakmur, Raif; Elibol, Bülent; Mirza, Meral; Gültekin, Murat, Department of Neurology, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Kayseri, Turkey; Ulukan, Çağrı, Department of Neurology, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey; Tezcan, Sabiha, Department of Neurology, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey; Dog̃u, Okan, Department of Neurology, Mersin Üniversitesi, Mersin, Turkey; Hanaĝasi, Haşmet Ayhan, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Bilgiç, Başar Gar, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Bora Tokcaer, Ayse, Department of Neurology, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey; Çakmur, Raif, Department of Neurology, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Izmir, Turkey; Elibol, Bülent, Department of Neurology, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey; Mirza, Meral, Department of Neurology, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Kayseri, TurkeyBackground/aim: Our purpose was to determine the efficacy of levodopa carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) in a series of Turkish patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Materials and methods: We had telephone calls with 54 patients from 11 neurology centers who were on LCIG treatment, and 44 patients or their caregivers were included in an eight-item survey between September 2015 and June 2016. The reliability and validity of the survey were evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients for every question separately. Results: Average age of the patients were 63.48 and the duration of PD was 12.79 years. Average LCIG treatment period was 15.63 months. Percentages of the patients who reported they were ‘better’ after LCIG treatment were as follows: 80% for time spent off, 55% for dyskinesia, 65% for tremor, 85% for gait disorder, 50% for pain, 50% for sleep disorders, 42.5% for depression, 32.5% for incontinence, and 70% for activities of daily living. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.795 and the intraclass correlation coefficient was reliable for the items. Conclusion: As detected by a survey performed by telephone calls with good interrater reliability, patients with PD improve with LCIG treatment in many aspects of the disease. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Open Access Artificial intelligence and ophthalmology(Turkish Ophthalmology Society [email protected], 2020) Keskinbora, Kadircan H.; Guven, Fatih; Keskinbora, Kadircan H., Department of Ophthalmology, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Guven, Fatih, Clinic of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, TurkeyArtificial intelligence is advancing rapidly and making its way into all areas of our lives. This review discusses developments and potential practices regarding the use of artificial intelligence in the field of ophthalmology, and the related topic of medical ethics. Various artificial intelligence applications related to the diagnosis of eye diseases were researched in books, journals, search engines, print and social media. Resources were cross-checked to verify the information. Artificial intelligence algorithms, some of which were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, have been adopted in the field of ophthalmology, especially in diagnostic studies. Studies are being conducted that prove that artificial intelligence algorithms can be used in the field of ophthalmology, especially in diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and retinopathy of prematurity. Some of these algorithms have come to the approval stage. The current point in artificial intelligence studies shows that this technology has advanced considerably and shows promise for future work. It is believed that artificial intelligence applications will be effective in identifying patients with preventable vision loss and directing them to physicians, especially in developing countries where there are fewer trained professionals and physicians are difficult to reach. When we consider the possibility that some future artificial intelligence systems may be candidates for moral/ethical status, certain ethical issues arise. Questions about moral/ethical status are important in some areas of applied ethics. Although it is accepted that current intelligence systems do not have moral/ethical status, it has yet to be determined what the exact the characteristics that confer moral/ethical status are or will be. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Assessment of spatiotemporal gait parameters in patients with lumbar disc herniation and patients with chronic mechanical low back pain(Turkish Neurosurgical Society, 2020) Amir Rashedi Bonab, Masoud; Kuru Colak, Tuǧba; Toktaş, Zafer Orkun; Konya, Deniz; Amir Rashedi Bonab, Masoud, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Marmara Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Kuru Colak, Tuǧba, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Marmara Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Marmara Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Toktaş, Zafer Orkun, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Konya, Deniz, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, TurkeyAIM: To assess spatiotemporal gait parameters in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and chronic mechanical low back pain (CMLBP), and compare with healthy control group. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 70 patients was enrolled in this prospective, controlled cross-sectional study, of which 25 with LDH, 25 with CMLBP and 20 healthy individuals as the control group. Participants completed 10 passes on the WIN-TRACK Gait Analysis Platform at their self-selected walking speed. The arithmetic mean of the five flawless walking data was used for analysis. Pain intensity is assessed by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). RESULTS: The spatiotemporal gait parameters were significantly decreased in LDH and CMLBP groups than the healthy control group, particularly in LDH groups (p≥0.001). It was found that pain intensity is negatively correlated to step and stride length, cadence and velocity (p<0.001). Results of linear regression analysis showed that 10% of the changes in gait cycle duration of the left extremity and 74% of the changes in the velocity were associated with pain intensity. CONCLUSION: Pain intensity can affect the spatiotemporal gait parameters in patients with Low Back Pain (LBP). Rehabilitation programs with gait optimization should be considered in the management of patients with LDH and CMLBP. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Open Access Clinical and radiological outcomes of high tibial osteotomy with combined fixator-assisted nailing and subtubercle tibial osteotomy(AVES, 2020) Bayam, L.; Erdem, Mehmet; Gülabi, Deniz; Erdem, Ahmet Can; Uyar, Ahmet Çagrı; Kochai, Alauddin; Bayam, L., Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Serdivan, Turkey; Erdem, Mehmet, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Serdivan, Turkey; Gülabi, Deniz, Department of Orthopaedics, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Erdem, Ahmet Can, Vakıf Guraba University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; Uyar, Ahmet Çagrı, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Serdivan, Turkey; Kochai, Alauddin, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Serdivan, TurkeyObjective: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and radiological results of our high tibial osteotomy technique combining fixator-assisted nailing and subtubercle tibial osteotomy in varus malalignment. Methods: This was a retrospective study of a consecutive series of 32 knees in 32 patients (‘2 follow-up loss’ 12 males and 18 females, mean age at the time of operation: 50.6±7.8 (36–62) years) operated on between 2014 and 2016. Radiographic and clinical measurements were assessed pre-and postoperatively. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, paired t and Wilcoxon rank tests were used in the statistical analyses. Results: The mean follow-up period was 36.1±8.15 (31–53) months, the mean duration of the hospital stay was 3.6±0.1 (2–6) days, and the mean Kellgren-Lawrence score was 2.4±0.6 (2–4). Time to bony union was an average of 16.17 (12–29) weeks. Compared to the preoperative mechanical medial proximal tibial angle, femorotibial angle and mechanical axis deviation measurements, all the postoperative values showed significant changes (p<0.01). However, there was no statistical difference between the preoperative and postoperative tibial slopes (p>0.05), and the postoperative Caton-Deschamps index did not show a meaningful change (p>0.05). The postoperative visual analog scale, Knee Society Score, and Modified Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Scoring System measures showed significant improvement compared to the preoperative values (p<0.01). The postoperative walking distance increased to 1137.50±845.1 meters, from 359.4±306.2 meters (p<0.01). Conclusion: This percutaneous technique is minimally invasive, corrects the alignment in two planes, and does not affect patellar height. We believe that this technique could be a promising alternative to other knee preserving surgeries in correcting varus malalignment. Level of Evidence: Level IV, Therapeutic Study. © 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Open Access The Impact of Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Pain and Life Quality in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome(Hindawi Limited 410 Park Avenue, 15th Floor, 287 pmb New York NY 10022, 2020) Kutlu, Nazli; Özden, Ali Veysel; Alptekin, Hasan Kerem; Öncü, Jülide; Bernardo-Filho, Mário M.; Kutlu, Nazli, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Beykoz State Hospital, Malatya, Turkey; Özden, Ali Veysel, Health Sciences Institute, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Alptekin, Hasan Kerem, Health Sciences Institute, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Öncü, Jülide, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sisli Etfal Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; Bernardo-Filho, Mário M.,The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of auricular vagus nerve stimulation, applied in conjunction with an exercise treatment program, on pain and life quality in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). To achieve the study objectives, 60 female patients between the ages 18 and 50, with diagnosed FMS according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2010 diagnostic criteria, were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30. The first group was assigned 20 sessions of a home-based exercise program, while the second group was assigned 20 sessions of auricular vagus nerve stimulation and 20 sessions of a home-based exercise program. Patients were assessed before and after the treatments using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, Beck Depression Scale for depression, Beck Anxiety Scale for anxiety, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) for functional evaluation, and Short Form-36 (SF-36) for life quality. In this randomized controlled trial, comparisons within the groups revealed that both groups had statistically significant improvements in pain, depression, anxiety, functionality, and life quality scores (p<0.05), while comparisons across the groups revealed that the group experiencing the vagus nerve stimulation had no statistically significant differences between the baseline scores, except for those of SF-36's subparameters of physical function, social functionality, and pain. In fact, comparisons across the groups after the interventions revealed that the group experiencing the vagus nerve stimulation had better scores but not statistically significant. From analysis of this data, we observed that vagus nerve stimulation in FMS treatment did not give additional benefit together with exercise, except for three subparameters of SF-36. It was identified that further studies which separately investigate the effects of vagus nerve stimulation and exercise on FMS with longer follow-up periods and an increased number of patients are needed. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Open Access Prognostic Value of Pretreatment Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients Undergoing Postneurosurgical Radiotherapy plus Concurrent and Adjuvant Temozolomide(Hindawi Limited 410 Park Avenue, 15th Floor, 287 pmb New York NY 10022, 2020) Topkan, Erkan; Beşen, Ali Ayberk; Özdemir, Yurday; Kucuk, Ahmet; Mertsoylu, Hüseyin; Pehlivan, Berrin; Selek, Uǧur; Topkan, Erkan, Department of Radiation Oncology, Başkent Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey; Beşen, Ali Ayberk, Department of Medical Oncology, Başkent Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey; Özdemir, Yurday, Department of Radiation Oncology, Başkent Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey; Kucuk, Ahmet, Radiation Oncology Clinics, Mersin City Hospital, Mersin, Turkey; Mertsoylu, Hüseyin, Department of Medical Oncology, Başkent Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey; Pehlivan, Berrin, Department of Radiation Oncology, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Selek, Uǧur, Department of Radiation Oncology, Koç Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United StatesObjectives. To evaluate the potential prognostic utility of pretreatment systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients who underwent postneurosurgical radiotherapy and concurrent plus adjuvant temozolomide. Methods. The retrospective data of GBM patients who underwent postneurosurgical radiotherapy and concurrent plus adjuvant temozolomide were analyzed. For each patient, SII was calculated using the platelet, neutrophil, and lymphocyte measures obtained on the first day of treatment: SII=platelets×neutrophils/lymphocytes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized for the evaluation of optimal cut-off values for SII those linked with the outcomes. Primary and secondary endpoints constituted the overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) per conveyance SII group. Results. A total of 167 patients were included. The ROC curve analysis identified the optimum SII cut-off at a rounded 565 value that significantly interacted with the PFS and OS and stratified patients into two groups: low-SII (SII<565, n=71) and high-SII (SII≥565, n=96), respectively. Comparative survival analyses exhibited that the high-SII cohort had significantly shorter median PFS (6.0 versus 16.6 months, P<0.001) and OS (11.1 versus 22.9 months, P<0.001) than the low-SII cohort. The relationship between the high-SII and poorer PFS (P<0.001) and OS (P<0.001) further retained its independent significance in multivariate analysis, as well. Conclusions. The outcomes displayed here qualified the pretreatment SII as a novel independent prognostic index for predicting survival outcomes of newly diagnosed GBM patients undergoing postneurosurgical radiotherapy and concurrent plus adjuvant temozolomide. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Open Access Impact of Accelerating Insulin on an Artificial Pancreas System Without Meal Announcement: An In Silico Examination(SAGE Publications Inc., 2020) Colmegna, Patricio H.; Cengiz, Eda; Garcia-Tirado, Jose Fernando; Kraemer, Kristen; Breton, Marc D.; Colmegna, Patricio H., University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cengiz, Eda, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Garcia-Tirado, Jose Fernando, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United States; Kraemer, Kristen, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States; Breton, Marc D., University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, United StatesBackground: Controlling postprandial blood glucose without the benefit of an appropriately sized premeal insulin bolus has been challenging given the delays in absorption and action of subcutaneously injected insulin during conventional and artificial pancreas (AP) system diabetes treatment. We aim to understand the impact of accelerating insulin and increasing aggressiveness of the AP controller as potential solutions to address the postprandial hyperglycemia challenge posed by unannounced meals through a simulation study. Methods: Accelerated rapid-acting insulin analogue is modeled within the UVA/Padova simulation platform by uniformly reducing its pharmacokinetic time constants (α multiplier) and used with a model predictive control, where the controller’s aggressiveness depends on α. Two sets of single-meal simulations were performed: (1) where we only tune the controller’s aggressiveness and (2) where we also accelerate insulin absorption and action to assess postprandial glycemic control during each intervention. Results: Mean percent of time spent within the 70 to 180 mg/dL postprandial glycemic range is significantly higher in set (2) than in set (1): 79.9, 95% confidence interval [77.0, 82.7] vs 88.8 [86.8, 90.9] ([Note to typesetter: Set all unnecessary math in text format and insert appropriate spaces between operators.] P <.05) for α = 2, and 81.4 [78.6, 84.3] vs 94.1 [92.6, 95.6] (P <.05) for α = 3. A decrease in percent of time below 70 mg/dL is also detected: 0.9 [0.4, 2.2] vs 0.6 [0.2, 1.4] (P =.23) for α = 2 and 1.4 [0.7, 2.8] vs 0.4 [0.1, 1.4] (P <.05) for α = 3. Conclusion: These proof-of-concept simulations suggest that an AP without prandial insulin boluses combined with significantly faster insulin analogues could match the glycemic performance obtained with an optimal hybrid AP. © 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Publication Open Access Estimating abortion prevalence and understanding perspectives of community leaders and providers: Results from a mixed-method study in Istanbul, Turkey(SAGE Publications Ltd [email protected], 2020) Huber-Krum, Sarah; Karadon, Duygu; Kurutaş, Sebahat; Rohr, Julia Katherine; Baykal, Simay Şevval; Okçuoğlu, Bahar Ayça; Esmer, Yilmaz; Canning, David; Shah, Iqbal H.; Huber-Krum, Sarah, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States; Karadon, Duygu, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Kurutaş, Sebahat, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Rohr, Julia Katherine, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States; Baykal, Simay Şevval, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Okçuoğlu, Bahar Ayça, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Esmer, Yilmaz, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Canning, David, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States; Shah, Iqbal H., Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United StatesObjectives: Abortions are difficult to measure, yet, accurate estimates are critical in developing health programs. We implemented and tested the validity of a list experiment of lifetime abortion prevalence in Istanbul, Turkey. We complemented our findings by understanding community perspectives using in-depth interviews with key informants. Methods: We conducted a household survey between March and June 2018. In a random sample of 4040 married women aged 16–44 years, we implemented a double list experiment. We averaged difference in mean values calculations between the average counts for each list to provide an estimated lifetime abortion prevalence. We conducted in-depth interviews with 16 key informants to provide insights into possible explanations for the quantitative results. Results: The abortion prevalence estimate from the list experiment was close to that of the direct question (3.25% vs 2.97%). Key informant narratives suggest that differing definitions of abortion, inaccessibility, provider bias, lack of knowledge of abortion laws and safety, and religious norms could contribute to under-reporting. Results from the qualitative study suggest that abortion is largely inaccessible and highly stigmatized. Conclusion: Measuring experiences of abortion is critical to understanding women’s needs and informing harm-reduction strategies, however, in highly stigmatized settings, researchers may face unique challenges in obtaining accurate reports. © 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.