Advancing bone tissue engineering: multi-walled carbon nanotube-polylactic acid composites for enhanced regeneration

Abstract

The regeneration of bone tissues using a composite-based tissue engineering approach is a promising strategy for repairing and restoring their biological functions. This study extensively investigates the development and potential applications of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Polylactic Acid (MWCNT-PLA) composites for bone defect healing. The scaffolds were meticulously engineered and characterized to assess their material properties, structural compatibility, biodegradability, pH impact, water absorption, biocompatibility, cell viability, and cellular interactions. Composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results showed a 15% increase in glass transition temperature, a 20% improvement in cell adhesion, and a 25% enhancement in mechanical strength compared to pure PLA. HOB cells demonstrated increased adhesion and proliferation on the composites, highlighting their biocompatibility. The findings revealed that incorporating MWCNTs enhances the thermal and mechanical properties of PLA, promotes cell adhesion, and influences the degradation behavior of the nanocomposites, marking significant progress in bone tissue engineering. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.