Loft tipi konutlarda mekansal dönüşüm süreci : Levent Loft örneği
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Date
2014-06
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Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Abstract
Endüstri Devrimi, 18. ve 19. yüzyıllar arasında tarım, üretim, madencilik ve ulaşım
alanlarında yaşanan büyük gelişmelerin sonucu olarak sosyoekonomik ve kültürel
şartların değişim ve dönüşüm gösterdiği bir süreci temsil etmektedir. Endüstrileşmeyle,
el üretiminden makine üretimine geçilmesi ve üretim biçiminin değişmesi, üretim
hacimlerinin genişlemesi, teknolojik gelişmelerin yaşanması, ucuz işgücü ve hizmet
sektörünün yaygınlaşması gibi nedenler organize sanayi ve kampüs bölgelerin kent
merkezinden uzaklaştırılmasını gerektirmiştir. Ekonomik faaliyetlerin yoğun olduğu
özellikle kentlerin liman bölgelerinde yer alan, ekonomik değer kaybeden, yer değiştirme
sonucu boşalan (tek alanda bölüntüsüz serbest plan, yüksek tavan, geniş pencereler,
çıplak strüktüre sahip) atölye, depo gibi endüstriyel amaçlı yapılar, çalışacak ve
yaşayacak yer ihtiyacında olan, ucuz ve fonksiyonel yaşam alanı arayan düşük gelirli
sanatçıları kendisine çekmeye başlamıştır. Böylelikle, atıl kalmış depo ve fabrika alanları
yeni kullanıcıları (sanatçı sakinler) tarafından evsizlik sorununa alternatif bir çözüm
olarak konut kimliği edinmişlerdir. Bu yapıların yaşam alanına dönüştürülmesine dair ilk
örneklere Manhattan’ın Soho bölgesinde rastlanmıştır. Sanatçıların endüstriyel yapılara
konut kimliği yükleyerek dönüştürmeleri loft yaşamının kaynağını oluşturmuştur.
Marjinal bir fenomen olarak tamamen ihtiyaç kaynaklı başlayan loft yaşamı ayırt edici
özellikleri ve kendine has ruhu ile zamanla moda haline gelmiş ve bütün Dünya’da kısa
sürede popüler bir kültürel, siyasi ve mimari olguya dönüşmüştür. Tez kapsamında, bu
dönüşümün mekânsal boyutları ve tipolojik özellikleri, öne sürdüğü yaşamdaki
endüstriyel bellek ve kullanıcı profili değerlendirilmiş, oluştuğu dönem ve günümüz
koşulları altında başkalaşım süreci analiz edilmiştir.
The Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries, agriculture, manufacturing, mining and transport experienced great development in the areas of socio-economic and cultural conditions as a result of a process of change and transformation, which represents. With industrialization hand production turn into machinery production and the mode of production change, production volume expansion of the technological developments to occur, cheap labor and service sector such as widespread causes of organized industrial and campus areas from the city center removal have required. Economic activit ies are concentrated in particular urban harbor area contained in the economic value lost, displacement results vacated (free plan, high ceilings, large windows, bare structure) workshops, warehouses, industrial buildings, to work and a place to live in need cheap and functional living spaces looking for low-income artists began to draw to itself. Thus, the dormant warehouse and factory space for new users (artist residents) as an alternative solution to the problem of homelessness by housing have acquired identity. These structures have to be converted to living space on the first examples were found in the Soho area of Manhattan. By installing residential to industrial buildings identity of the artists loft conversions were the basis of life. Starting induced a marginal phenomenon needs completely distinctive features of loft living and unique fashion with the spirit of time and the whole world in a short time has become a popular cultural, political and architectural phenomenon has become. Scope of this thesis, the spatial dimension of this transformation and typological characteristics, suggesting that the life of industrial memory and user profile evaluated, and the periods when the process of metamorphosis under the present conditions were analyzed.
The Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries, agriculture, manufacturing, mining and transport experienced great development in the areas of socio-economic and cultural conditions as a result of a process of change and transformation, which represents. With industrialization hand production turn into machinery production and the mode of production change, production volume expansion of the technological developments to occur, cheap labor and service sector such as widespread causes of organized industrial and campus areas from the city center removal have required. Economic activit ies are concentrated in particular urban harbor area contained in the economic value lost, displacement results vacated (free plan, high ceilings, large windows, bare structure) workshops, warehouses, industrial buildings, to work and a place to live in need cheap and functional living spaces looking for low-income artists began to draw to itself. Thus, the dormant warehouse and factory space for new users (artist residents) as an alternative solution to the problem of homelessness by housing have acquired identity. These structures have to be converted to living space on the first examples were found in the Soho area of Manhattan. By installing residential to industrial buildings identity of the artists loft conversions were the basis of life. Starting induced a marginal phenomenon needs completely distinctive features of loft living and unique fashion with the spirit of time and the whole world in a short time has become a popular cultural, political and architectural phenomenon has become. Scope of this thesis, the spatial dimension of this transformation and typological characteristics, suggesting that the life of industrial memory and user profile evaluated, and the periods when the process of metamorphosis under the present conditions were analyzed.
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Keywords
Industrial revolution, Loft, Spatial transformation, Industrial tracks, Endüstri devrimi, Mekânsal dönüşüm, Endüstriyel yansımalar